收容所中猫的结膜微生物群：时间、上呼吸道疾病和泛昔洛韦给药的影响。
Feline conjunctival microbiota in a shelter: effects of time, upper respiratory disease and famciclovir administration.
机构信息
Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
出版信息
J Feline Med Surg. 2021 Apr;23(4):316-330. doi: 10.1177/1098612X20949038. Epub 2020 Aug 21.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the conjunctival microbiota of shelter-housed cats with time, upper respiratory disease (URD) and famciclovir administration.
METHODS
Cats were assigned to treatment groups on shelter entry. Healthy cats or cats with URD received ~30 mg/kg or ~90 mg/kg of famciclovir or placebo PO q12h for 7 days, or were untreated. Swabs were collected from ventral conjunctival fornices prior to (day 1) and immediately after (day 8) the treatment period. Microbiota analysis was conducted on 124 randomly selected swabs from healthy (56 swabs) or URD-affected (68 swabs) cats. Following DNA extraction and amplification of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene, sequences were assembled into operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Over-represented OTUs (as determined by linear discriminate analysis effect size), alpha and beta diversity, and median relative abundance of known feline ocular surface pathogens were assessed for the entire population and in 10 clinically relevant subpopulations of cats.
RESULTS
Bacteria from 33 phyla and 70 genera were identified. Considering all cats, median relative abundance of increased from day 1 to day 8, while Proteobacteria decreased. Community membership and structure (beta diversity) differed between days 1 and 8 for all famciclovir-treated cats (regardless of health status or dose) and healthy or URD-affected cats (regardless of famciclovir dose). Differences in taxonomic diversity within a sample (alpha diversity) between day 1 and day 8 were not detected in any subpopulations.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Within 1 week of shelter entry, there were significant changes in community structure and membership of the feline conjunctival microbiota, with a shift towards over-representation of feline ocular surface pathogens. Although famciclovir may impact beta diversity of the feline conjunctival microbiota, absence of change in alpha diversity suggests minimal shift in individual cats.
目的
本研究旨在评估收容所中圈养猫的结膜微生物群随时间、上呼吸道疾病（URD）和泛昔洛韦给药的变化。
方法
猫在进入收容所时被分配到治疗组。健康猫或患有 URD 的猫接受约 30mg/kg 或 90mg/kg 的泛昔洛韦或安慰剂 PO q12h 治疗 7 天，或不治疗。在治疗期前后（第 1 天和第 8 天）从下睑结膜穹隆采集拭子。对来自健康（56 个拭子）或 URD 受影响（68 个拭子）猫的 124 个随机拭子进行微生物组分析。在提取 DNA 并扩增 16S rRNA 基因 V4 区后，将序列组装成操作分类单元（OTUs）。使用线性判别分析效应大小确定过表达的 OTUs，并评估整个群体以及 10 个与临床相关的猫亚群的 alpha 和 beta 多样性以及已知猫眼表病原体的中位数相对丰度。
结果
鉴定出 33 个门和 70 个属的细菌。考虑到所有猫，从第 1 天到第 8 天， 的中位数相对丰度增加，而变形菌减少。所有接受泛昔洛韦治疗的猫（无论健康状况或剂量如何）以及健康或 URD 受影响的猫（无论泛昔洛韦剂量如何）的第 1 天和第 8 天的社区成员和结构（β多样性）不同。在任何亚群中都没有检测到第 1 天和第 8 天之间样本内分类多样性（alpha 多样性）的差异。
结论和相关性
在进入收容所后的 1 周内，猫的结膜微生物群的群落结构和成员发生了显著变化，向猫眼表病原体的过度表达转变。尽管泛昔洛韦可能会影响猫结膜微生物群的β多样性，但 alpha 多样性的缺失表明个体猫的变化很小。
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