Wildbase, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Private Bag, Palmerston North, 11222, New Zealand.
, Takaka, New Zealand.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Jan;28(1):754-762. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-10538-0. Epub 2020 Aug 21.
The extraction, transport, and consumption of hydrocarbons occur daily worldwide and can lead to environmental pollution and significant incidents of wildlife mortality. This review of literature and publicly available databases from 1970 to 2018 summarises records on oil spill incidents, sources of spills, and reported effects on wildlife. During this time period, millions of tonnes of oil were released from over 1700 acute oil spills, with only 312 (18%) reporting wildlife effects. The most numerous reported spill source was shipping. From this review, there are obvious global gaps in reporting of oil spills and recording of effects on wildlife. We recommend there is a global need for increased consistency of reporting and availability of data of oil spills, and wildlife impacts. This information is critical to preparedness and response procedures for industry (shipping and oil) and governments.
碳氢化合物的提取、运输和消耗在全球范围内每天都在发生，可能导致环境污染和大量野生动物死亡。本文献综述总结了 1970 年至 2018 年期间的溢油事件记录、溢油来源以及对野生动物的报告影响，这些数据库和公共数据库来源于 1970 年至 2018 年。在此期间，有超过 1700 起急性溢油事件释放了数百万吨石油，其中只有 312 起（18%）报告了对野生动物的影响。报告的溢油源中数量最多的是航运。从这项综述中可以看出，全球在报告溢油事件和记录对野生动物的影响方面存在明显的差距。我们建议全球需要提高石油泄漏报告的一致性和数据可用性，以及野生动物影响的数据。这些信息对于航运和石油等行业以及政府的准备和应对程序至关重要。
