Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2020 Dec 1;205:111128. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111128. Epub 2020 Aug 19.
The extensive applicability of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in various fields such as environment, agriculture, medicine or biotechnology has mostly been attributed to their better physicochemical properties as compared with conventional bulk materials. However, functions and biological effects of ENPs change across different scenarios which impede the progress in their risk assessment and safety management. This review thus intends to figure out whether properties of ENPs can be indicators of their behavior through summarizing and analyzing the available literature and knowledge. The studies have indicated that size, shape, solubility, specific surface area, surface charge and surface reactivity constitute a more accurate measure of ENPs functions and toxic effects in addition to mass concentration. Effects of ENPs are also highly dependent on dose metrics, species and strains of organisms, environmental conditions, exposure route and duration. Searching correlations between properties and functions or biological effects may serve as an effective way in understanding positive and negative impacts of ENPs. This will ensure safe design and sustainable future use of ENPs.
工程纳米粒子（ENPs）在环境、农业、医学或生物技术等各个领域的广泛适用性主要归因于它们与传统的体材料相比具有更好的物理化学性质。然而，ENPs 的功能和生物效应在不同的情况下会发生变化，这阻碍了它们的风险评估和安全管理的进展。因此，本综述旨在通过总结和分析现有文献和知识，确定 ENPs 的性质是否可以作为其行为的指标。研究表明，尺寸、形状、溶解度、比表面积、表面电荷和表面反应性除了质量浓度外，还构成了对 ENPs 功能和毒效更准确的衡量标准。ENPs 的效应还高度依赖于剂量指标、生物的物种和品系、环境条件、暴露途径和时间。寻找性质与功能或生物效应之间的相关性可能是理解 ENPs 积极和消极影响的有效方法。这将确保 ENPs 的安全设计和可持续未来使用。
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