Munro I R
Humana Advanced Surgical Institutes, Humana Craniofacial Institute, Dallas, TX 75230.
Int Anesthesiol Clin. 1988 Spring;26(1):72-8.
Airway problems are the greatest cause of morbidity and mortality during operations to repair craniofacial anomalies. These problems can be managed by awareness of the risks and prophylactic intervention rather than by desperate steps when acute problems occur in treatment. Airway obstruction is the major problem in managing patients with such deformities in the preoperative period, at the time of intubation, during the operation, and in the early postoperative period. Congenital craniofacial problems that may lead to airway difficulties are extremely rare, and for physicians to gain sufficient experience to prevent morbidity, these patients should be referred to regional centers, where at least two or three such operations are performed per week.
气道问题是颅面畸形修复手术中发病和死亡的最大原因。这些问题可以通过认识风险和预防性干预来处理，而不是在治疗中出现急性问题时采取孤注一掷的措施。气道阻塞是术前、插管时、手术期间以及术后早期管理此类畸形患者的主要问题。可能导致气道困难的先天性颅面问题极为罕见，为使医生获得足够经验以预防发病，这些患者应转诊至区域中心，那里每周至少进行两到三台此类手术。
