Asher Jordi M, Hibbard Paul B
Department of Psychology, University of Essex, United Kingdom.
Department of Psychology, University of Essex, United Kingdom.
Vision Res. 2020 Nov;176:100-117. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2020.07.011. Epub 2020 Aug 21.
The role of feedback during training is a topic of great theoretical importance in perceptual learning. Feedback can be provided externally by the environment or internally by the observer. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of learning with internal versus external feedback, we performed a large multi-level experiment, varying the type of training task (Motion or Form), the level of processing (Local or Global), the presence of feedback (With or Without) and finally the method of stimulus presentation (Adaptive staircase or Method of constant stimuli). 140 participants were randomly assigned to one of ten groups and undertook 3 days of training in one condition only. Detection thresholds were measured daily before and after training with a pre- and post-assessment. A 75% detection threshold was calculated and used to estimate that day's training levels (65% and 85% accuracy for difficult and easy trials respectively). The group trained with MOCS were presented with predefined randomly interleaved easy and difficult trials ranging from 50% to 95% stimulus intensity. Our findings indicate that improvement was generally robust across training-tasks, processing levels and feedback conditions. This suggests that internal reinforcement is as effective as external feedback in a discrete-noise-paradigm for local and global tasks when easy and difficult trials are interleaved.
在知觉学习中，训练期间反馈的作用是一个具有重大理论意义的话题。反馈可以由环境外部提供，也可以由观察者内部提供。为了评估内部反馈与外部反馈学习的有效性，我们进行了一项大型多层次实验，改变训练任务的类型（运动或形状）、处理水平（局部或全局）、反馈的存在情况（有或无），最后改变刺激呈现的方法（自适应阶梯法或恒定刺激法）。140名参与者被随机分配到十个组中的一组，并且仅在一种条件下进行3天的训练。在训练前后每天使用预评估和后评估来测量检测阈值。计算75%的检测阈值，并用于估计当天的训练水平（困难试验和容易试验的准确率分别为65%和85%）。使用MOCS训练的组会看到预先定义的、随机交错的容易和困难试验，刺激强度范围为50%至95%。我们的研究结果表明，在各种训练任务、处理水平和反馈条件下，改善通常都很显著。这表明，在离散噪声范式中，当容易和困难试验交错进行时，对于局部和全局任务，内部强化与外部反馈一样有效。
