Dai Panhong, Sun Gaofei, Jia Yinhua, Pan Zhaoe, Tian Yingbing, Peng Zhen, Li Hongge, He Shoupu, Du Xiongming
Research Base, Anyang Institute of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China.
Agricultural College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000, China.
Theor Appl Genet. 2020 Dec;133(12):3273-3285. doi: 10.1007/s00122-020-03668-z. Epub 2020 Aug 25.
Three extensive eco-haplotypes associated with population differentiation and environmental adaptability in Upland cotton were identified, with A06_85658585, A08_43734499 and A06_113104285 considered the eco-loci for environmental adaptability. Population divergence is suggested to be the primary force driving the evolution of environmental adaptability in various species. Chromosome inversion increases reproductive isolation between subspecies and accelerates population divergence to adapt to new environments. Although modern cultivated Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) has spread worldwide, the noticeable phenotypic differences still existed among cultivars grown in different areas. In recent years, the long-distance migration of cotton cultivation areas throughout China has demanded that breeders better understand the genetic basis of environmental adaptability in Upland cotton. Here, we integrated the genotypes of 419 diverse accessions, long-term environment-associated variables (EAVs) and environment-associated traits (EATs) to evaluate subgroup differentiation and identify adaptive loci in Upland cotton. Two highly divergent genomic regions were found on chromosomes A06 and A08, which likely caused by extensive chromosome inversions. The subgroups could be geographically classified based on distinct haplotypes in the divergent regions. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) also confirmed that loci located in these regions were significantly associated with environmental adaptability in Upland cotton. Our study first revealed the cause of population divergence in Upland cotton, as well as the consequences of variation in its environmental adaptability. These findings provide new insights into the genetic basis of environmental adaptability in Upland cotton, which could accelerate the development of molecular markers for adaptation to climate change in future cotton breeding.
在陆地棉中鉴定出了三种与群体分化和环境适应性相关的广泛生态单倍型，其中A06_85658585、A08_43734499和A06_113104285被认为是环境适应性的生态位点。群体分化被认为是推动各种物种环境适应性进化的主要力量。染色体倒位增加了亚种之间的生殖隔离，并加速了群体分化以适应新环境。尽管现代栽培陆地棉（Gossypium hirsutum L.）已在全球范围内传播，但不同地区种植的品种之间仍存在明显的表型差异。近年来，中国棉花种植区的远距离迁移要求育种者更好地了解陆地棉环境适应性的遗传基础。在这里，我们整合了419个不同种质的基因型、长期环境相关变量（EAV）和环境相关性状（EAT），以评估亚组分化并鉴定陆地棉中的适应性位点。在A06和A08染色体上发现了两个高度分化的基因组区域，这可能是由广泛的染色体倒位引起的。这些亚组可以根据分化区域中不同的单倍型进行地理分类。全基因组关联研究（GWAS）也证实，位于这些区域的位点与陆地棉的环境适应性显著相关。我们的研究首次揭示了陆地棉群体分化的原因及其环境适应性变异的后果。这些发现为陆地棉环境适应性的遗传基础提供了新的见解，这可能会加速未来棉花育种中适应气候变化的分子标记的开发。
