McGettrick Anne F, O'Neill Luke A J
School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Cell Metab. 2020 Oct 6;32(4):524-536. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.08.002. Epub 2020 Aug 26.
HIF is a transcription factor that plays an essential role in the cellular response to low oxygen, orchestrating a metabolic switch that allows cells to survive in this environment. In immunity, infected and inflamed tissues are often hypoxic, and HIF helps immune cells adapt. HIF-α stabilization can also occur under normoxia during immunity and inflammation, where it regulates metabolism but in addition can directly regulate expression of immune genes. Here we review the role of HIF in immunity, including its role in macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, T cells, and B cells. Its role in immunity is as essential for cellular responses as it is in its original role in hypoxia, with HIF being implicated in multiple inflammatory diseases and in immunosuppression in tumors.
缺氧诱导因子（HIF）是一种转录因子，在细胞对低氧的反应中起关键作用，协调代谢转换使细胞能在这种环境中存活。在免疫方面，受感染和发炎的组织常处于缺氧状态，HIF有助于免疫细胞适应。在免疫和炎症过程中，常氧条件下也会发生HIF-α的稳定，此时它调节代谢，此外还能直接调节免疫基因的表达。在此，我们综述HIF在免疫中的作用，包括其在巨噬细胞、树突状细胞、中性粒细胞、T细胞和B细胞中的作用。它在免疫中的作用对于细胞反应至关重要，如同其在低氧中的原始作用一样，HIF与多种炎症性疾病以及肿瘤中的免疫抑制有关。
