Nagy I
F. Verzár International Laboratory for Experimental Gerontology, University Medical School, Debrecen, Hungary.
Scanning Microsc. 1988 Mar;2(1):301-9.
The rationale for choosing the freeze-fracture freeze-drying (FFFD) method of biological bulk specimen preparation as well as the theoretical and practical problems of this method are treated. FFFD specimens are suitable for quantitative X-ray microanalysis of biologically relevant elements. Although the spatial resolution of this analytical technique is low, the application of properly selected bulk standard crystals as well as the measurement of the intracellular water and dry mass content by means of another method developed in the same laboratory, allow us to obtain useful information about the age-dependent changes of ionic composition in the main intracellular compartments. The paper summarizes the problems with regard to specimen preparation, beam penetration and the quantitative analysis of FFFD specimens. The method has been applied so far mainly for the analysis of intranuclear and intracytoplasmic concentrations of Na, C1 and K in various types of cells and has resulted in a significant contribution to our understanding of the cellular mechanisms of aging.
本文探讨了选择生物大块标本冷冻断裂冷冻干燥（FFFD）制备方法的基本原理以及该方法的理论和实际问题。FFFD标本适用于对生物相关元素进行定量X射线微分析。尽管这种分析技术的空间分辨率较低，但通过使用适当选择的大块标准晶体以及借助同一实验室开发的另一种方法测量细胞内水和干物质含量，使我们能够获得有关主要细胞内区室中离子组成随年龄变化的有用信息。本文总结了FFFD标本在样品制备、束穿透和定量分析方面的问题。到目前为止，该方法主要应用于分析各种类型细胞中核内和细胞质中钠、氯和钾的浓度，并为我们理解细胞衰老机制做出了重要贡献。
