7888California Lutheran University, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA.
Psychol Rep. 2021 Aug;124(4):1824-1844. doi: 10.1177/0033294120953555. Epub 2020 Aug 27.
The current study explored the differences in the public's attitudes and emotions towards welfare recipients based on their race/ethnicity, birthplace, and veteran status. Participants read a mock news story created for the current study about a woman labeled as a "welfare queen" who was receiving assistance, but persuaded the reader to be sympathetic to her case. The mock news story varied based on the race/ethnicity, veteran status, and birthplace of the welfare recipient. Participants assessed the welfare recipient on various evaluative measures. A 4 (race/ethnicity: White/Black/Hispanic/Asian) × 2 (veteran status: veteran/not veteran) × 2 (country of origin: born in the US/not born in the US) between-subjects ANOVA was performed on the attitude and personality evaluations of the welfare recipient. The general pattern of results showed that welfare recipients were evaluated more positively when they were veterans, born in the United States, or were White or Asian. Conversely, the public evaluated the welfare recipient more negatively or held more aversive emotions towards them when they were Hispanic, Black, not born in the United States, or not a veteran. This research adds to the psychological literature and nonprofit sector by testing the persistence of stereotypes on the perception of individual welfare recipients.
本研究探讨了公众对福利接受者的态度和情绪差异，这些差异基于他们的种族/民族、出生地和退伍军人身份。参与者阅读了当前研究中为创建的模拟新闻故事，故事讲述了一位被贴上“福利女王”标签的女性正在接受援助，但读者被说服对她的情况表示同情。模拟新闻故事根据福利接受者的种族/民族、退伍军人身份和出生地而有所不同。参与者对福利接受者进行了各种评价衡量。对福利接受者的态度和个性评价进行了 4（种族/民族：白种人/黑种人/西班牙裔/亚洲人）×2（退伍军人身份：退伍军人/非退伍军人）×2（原籍国：出生在美国/非出生在美国）的被试间方差分析。结果表明，当福利接受者是退伍军人、出生在美国或白种人或亚洲人时，他们的评价更积极。相反，当福利接受者是西班牙裔、黑种人、非出生在美国或非退伍军人时，公众对他们的评价更负面或持有更厌恶的情绪。这项研究通过测试对个体福利接受者的看法的刻板印象的持久性，为心理学文献和非营利部门增添了内容。
