From the Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (Y.L., L.O.L.).
Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, PR China (Y.L.).
Hypertension. 2020 Oct;76(4):1069-1075. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.14594. Epub 2020 Aug 31.
Kidney diseases secondary to several pathogeneses affect millions of people worldwide and have become increasingly recognized as a global public health problem. Recent evidence suggests that cellular senescence plays an important role in the pathogenesis of different forms of renal damage, including acute and chronic kidney disease, and renal transplantation. Renal senescence involves cell cycle arrest and affects several cellular pathways, manifesting in downregulation of klotho, elevated expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, cellular telomere shortening, and oxidative stress. Furthermore, senescent cells might induce kidney injury by paracrine release of inflammatory factors. Yet, cellular senescence may be renoprotective during development and in some models of renal diseases, reflecting the yin/yang duality of cellular senescence. This review provides an overview of the role of this emerging player in renal injury, with emphasis on new findings of cellular senescence.
多种病因引起的肾脏疾病影响着全球数百万人，已日益被认为是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。最近的证据表明，细胞衰老在不同形式的肾脏损伤（包括急性和慢性肾脏病以及肾移植）的发病机制中起着重要作用。肾脏衰老涉及细胞周期停滞，并影响几种细胞途径，表现为 klotho 下调、细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂表达升高、细胞端粒缩短和氧化应激。此外，衰老细胞可能通过旁分泌释放炎症因子引起肾脏损伤。然而，细胞衰老在肾脏发育和某些肾脏疾病模型中可能具有肾保护作用，反映了细胞衰老的阴阳双重性。本综述概述了这一新兴角色在肾脏损伤中的作用，重点介绍了细胞衰老的新发现。
