Radiation Entomology and Pest management Centre, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, Accra, Ghana.
Radiation Entomology and Pest management Centre, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, Accra, Ghana.
Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports. 2020 Jul;21:100444. doi: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2020.100444. Epub 2020 Jul 31.
Detection of trypanosomes in tsetse or domestic livestock is a basic requirement for epidemiological studies as well as for planning and implementing control measures against tsetse and trypanosomiasis. This epidemiological study aimed at assessing the prevalence of trypanosomes in pigs and tsetse flies in the Jomoro district of the western region of Ghana using molecular techniques. Blood was collected from pigs and biconical traps were used to collect tsetse flies. DNA was isolated from 300 pig blood samples and 300 flies for trypanosome detection and identification by PCR. Packed Cell Volume (PCV) of blood samples from 300 pigs was measured using a micro-haematocrit reader. Glossina palpalis palpalis was the only tsetse species found in the area with fly apparent density of 18.4 fly/trap/day. An overall prevalence of trypanosomes in the study area was 4.3% and 0.8% in pigs and tsetse flies respectively. Mixed infection with Trypanosoma (T.) congolense forest and T. vivax was most prevalent 46.2% followed by single infection of T. vivax 15.4%, T. congolense and a mixed infection of T. congolense, T. vivax and T. brucei sl. were the least with 7.7% each. There were no significant differences in trypanosome prevalence among different age groups and between both sexes of the studied pigs (p > 0.05). Trypanosome prevalence was lower in healthy looking 1.9% than the sick looking 20%, pigs (P < 0.05). Mean PCV of parasitaemic pigs 29.3% was significantly lower than that of aparasitaemic pigs 37.8%. Two out of the five species-specific primers used could not identify any trypanosome species from the total blood samples examined. This could possibly mean that those species are not found in the present study area. These results provide useful background information for further study and justification to extend tsetse control to the Jomoro district.
在采采蝇或家畜中检测锥体虫是进行流行病学研究以及规划和实施针对采采蝇和锥虫病的控制措施的基本要求。本项流行病学研究旨在使用分子技术评估加纳西部地区乔莫罗地区猪和采采蝇锥体虫的流行率。从猪采集血液，并使用双圆锥形陷阱采集采采蝇。从 300 份猪血样和 300 只苍蝇中提取 DNA，通过 PCR 检测和鉴定锥体虫。使用微量血球计测量 300 份猪血样的红细胞压积（PCV）。该地区仅发现有舌蝇 pal 种，其可见密度为 18.4 只/陷阱/天。研究区域锥体虫的总流行率分别为猪 4.3%和采采蝇 0.8%。混合感染刚果锥虫森林和锥虫 vivax 最为常见（46.2%），其次是单一感染锥虫 vivax（15.4%）、刚果锥虫和混合感染刚果锥虫、锥虫 vivax 和布鲁斯锥虫 sl.（各 7.7%）。不同年龄组和研究猪的不同性别之间锥体虫的流行率无显著差异（p>0.05）。外观健康的猪的锥体虫流行率为 1.9%，低于外观生病的猪的 20%（P<0.05）。寄生性猪的平均 PCV 为 29.3%，明显低于非寄生性猪的 37.8%。在检查的总血样中，使用的五个种特异性引物中的两个无法鉴定出任何锥体虫种。这可能意味着在本研究区域未发现这些种。这些结果为进一步研究提供了有用的背景信息，并证明了将采采蝇控制扩展到乔莫罗地区是合理的。
