Health Psychology, University Medical Center, University of Groningen , Groningen, Netherlands.
Health Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente , Enschede, Netherlands.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2020 Sep 2;46(5):642-650. doi: 10.1080/00952990.2020.1775238. Epub 2020 Aug 31.
Research has increased our understanding of the parental factors associated with the initiation and development of cannabis use disorder in adolescents, but few studies about this have been performed in middle- or low-income countries. First, to examine whether perceived past parental drug use, parental monitoring, and attitude toward adolescent cannabis use are associated with general and problematic cannabis use in Chilean adolescents. Second, to explore whether perceived past parental drug use weakens the associations of protective factors with general and problematic adolescent cannabis use. Regression analyses were performed on cross-sectional data from a multistage probabilistic sample stratified by clusters (municipalities, school and grade) of 43,060 students (47% male, mean age 15.5 years) from grades 8 to 12, which was collected from the Chilean National School Survey on Drug Use (2013). Perceived past parental drug use increased the likelihood of adolescent cannabis use in general, but not its problematic use. Parental monitoring of adolescents' whereabouts and parental opposition to adolescent cannabis use decreased the likelihood of adolescent cannabis use in general, as well as problematic use. Perceived past parental drug use only interacted with parental monitoring of school activities. In line with research from the United States, the Netherlands and Spain, parental monitoring of adolescents' whereabouts and a strong parental opposition to cannabis use appear to be protective factors, irrespective of past parental use. However, the effectiveness of monitoring adolescents' school activities seems to decrease when parents are perceived as having used drugs in the past.
研究增加了我们对与青少年开始和发展大麻使用障碍相关的父母因素的理解，但在中低收入国家进行的此类研究很少。首先，研究智利青少年过去父母的药物使用、父母监督和对青少年大麻使用的态度是否与一般和问题性大麻使用有关。其次，研究是否过去父母的药物使用会削弱保护因素与青少年一般和问题性大麻使用的关联。在智利全国毒品使用情况学校调查（2013 年）中，对来自 8 至 12 年级的 43060 名学生（47%为男性，平均年龄为 15.5 岁）进行了多阶段概率抽样，按聚类（直辖市、学校和年级）分层进行了横断面数据分析。过去父母的药物使用增加了青少年一般大麻使用的可能性，但不会增加其问题性使用的可能性。对青少年行踪的父母监督和父母反对青少年使用大麻会降低青少年一般和问题性大麻使用的可能性。过去父母的药物使用仅与父母对学校活动的监督相互作用。与美国、荷兰和西班牙的研究一致，对青少年行踪的父母监督和强烈反对大麻使用似乎是保护因素，而与过去父母的使用无关。然而，当父母被认为过去有吸毒行为时，对青少年学校活动的监督效果似乎会降低。
