先天性胸腔内副脾是一种极其罕见的自然现象：一例病例报告
Congenital intrathoracic accessory spleen is a very rare trick of nature: a case report.
作者信息
Suraju Mohammed O, Peyton Nicole, Mooers Brian, Jensen Chris, Shilyansky Joel
机构信息
Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Dr., Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA.
Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa, USA.
出版信息
J Cardiothorac Surg. 2020 Aug 31;15(1):232. doi: 10.1186/s13019-020-01270-4.
BACKGROUND
Congenital intrathoracic accessory spleen (CIAS) refers to a developmental anomaly resulting in the presence of splenic tissue within the chest. The differential diagnoses for the resulting mass are pulmonary malformations, or lesions with malignant potential. To our knowledge, only four cases of presumed CIAS have been described in literature to date, and no cases were reported in the United States.
CASE PRESENTATION
We report on a 14-year-old Caucasian female with a left chest mass discovered incidentally on a CT scan performed following an all-terrain vehicle accident. Following resection, the mass was diagnosed as a CIAS.
CONCLUSIONS
From our review of literature, we found that CIAS can pose a diagnostic dilemma as it is rare, difficult to distinguish from pulmonary sequestration, or malignancy, and biopsy is often inconclusive. Resection is required to rule out malignancy and determine the diagnosis. Pediatric thoracic surgeons should consider CIAS in their differential for an intrathoracic mass with an inconclusive biopsy.
背景
先天性胸内副脾（CIAS）是指一种发育异常，导致胸部出现脾组织。由此产生的肿块的鉴别诊断包括肺畸形或具有恶性潜能的病变。据我们所知，迄今为止，文献中仅描述了4例疑似CIAS病例，美国尚无相关病例报告。
病例介绍
我们报告了一名14岁的白人女性，在全地形车事故后进行的CT扫描中偶然发现左胸有肿块。切除后，该肿块被诊断为CIAS。
结论
通过对文献的回顾，我们发现CIAS可能会造成诊断困境，因为它很罕见，难以与肺隔离症或恶性肿瘤区分开来，活检往往也无法得出明确结论。需要进行切除以排除恶性肿瘤并确定诊断。小儿胸外科医生在对活检结果不明确的胸内肿块进行鉴别诊断时应考虑CIAS。
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