College of Enology, Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, shaanxi, 712100, China.
Technology Centre of Qinhuangdao Customs, No. 1 Liupanshan Road, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, 066004, China.
J Sci Food Agric. 2021 Mar 15;101(4):1288-1300. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.10782. Epub 2020 Sep 25.
Nitrogen is involved in the winemaking process from grapevine growth to wine fermentation, and its precise utilization in vineyards can regulate grape and wine quality. Foliar nitrogen application during veraison (FNAV) could prevent nitrogen deficiency in grape and must in nitrogen-deficient vineyards. Moreover, FNAV also could improve certain flavor components of grape and wine, but little attention has been paid to FNAV. Therefore, this paper mainly reviews the difficulties encountered in current applications of nitrogen in vineyards and wineries, and the advantages of FNAV over the addition of nitrogen in soil and wineries. And it discusses that FNAV can increase yeast-assimilable nitrogen and phenolics, and scarcely affect volatile components of grape (must and wine), and points out the existing problems including the core issue and then puts forward future research directions. This information may indicate future directions for research, and provide a reference for viticulturists and winemakers on the precise application of nitrogen on grapevine and must to further improve grape and wine quality in nitrogen-deficient vineyards. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
氮在葡萄种植到葡萄酒发酵的整个酿酒过程中都有参与，其在葡萄园的精确利用可以调节葡萄和葡萄酒的质量。转色期叶面施氮（FNAV）可以防止氮缺乏的葡萄和葡萄汁在氮素不足的葡萄园。此外，FNAV 还可以改善葡萄和葡萄酒的某些风味成分，但很少有人关注 FNAV。因此，本文主要综述了当前葡萄园和酿酒厂氮应用中遇到的困难，以及 FNAV 相对于土壤和酿酒厂中添加氮的优势。并讨论了 FNAV 可以增加酵母可利用氮和酚类物质，而很少影响葡萄（葡萄汁和葡萄酒）的挥发性成分，并指出了包括核心问题在内的现有问题，然后提出了未来的研究方向。这些信息可能为未来的研究指明方向，并为葡萄栽培者和酿酒师提供关于在葡萄藤和葡萄汁上精确应用氮以进一步提高氮缺乏葡萄园葡萄和葡萄酒质量的参考。© 2020 英国化学学会。
