Center for Vital Longevity, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.
School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.
Memory. 2020 Sep;28(8):1067-1077. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2020.1813781. Epub 2020 Sep 1.
Episodic memory performance declines with increasing age. It has sometimes been reported that this decline is more marked when episodic recollection is estimated by "objective" measures such as source memory performance than when it is estimated by "subjective" measures such as the "Remember/Know" procedure. Here, our main goal was to directly contrast recollection estimates derived from these procedures in the same samples of young and older participants (24 adults per age group, within-subjects manipulation of test procedure). Following identical study phases in which words were paired with either faces or scenes, participants' memories were assessed in separate test blocks using either Remember/Know or source memory procedures. Contrary to several prior reports, the deleterious effects of age on recollection estimates did not differ according to test type. Thus, we found no evidence that age differentially impacts subjective and objective recollection estimates. Additionally, and consistent with prior findings, effects of age on estimates of familiarity-driven recognition were small and non-significant.
随着年龄的增长，情景记忆表现会下降。有时会有报告称，当通过“客观”测量（如来源记忆表现）来估计情景回忆时，这种下降比通过“主观”测量（如“记得/知道”程序）更为明显。在这里，我们的主要目标是在相同的年轻和年长参与者样本中（每个年龄组 24 名成年人，测试程序的被试内操纵）直接对比这两种程序得出的回忆估计值。在与面孔或场景配对的单词的相同学习阶段之后，参与者的记忆在单独的测试块中使用“记得/知道”或来源记忆程序进行评估。与之前的几项报告相反，年龄对回忆估计值的不利影响与测试类型无关。因此，我们没有发现年龄对主观和客观回忆估计值有差异影响的证据。此外，与之前的发现一致，年龄对熟悉度驱动的识别估计值的影响很小且不显著。
