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磺胺多辛纳米混悬剂的制备、超分子聚集及免疫活性

Preparation, Supramolecular Aggregation and Immunological Activity of the Bona Fide Vaccine Adjuvant Sulfavant S.

机构信息

Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, CNR-Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy.

Consorzio Italbiotec, Via Fantoli, 16/15, 20138 Milano, Italy.

出版信息

Mar Drugs. 2020 Aug 29;18(9):451. doi: 10.3390/md18090451.

Abstract

In aqueous conditions, amphiphilic bioactive molecules are able to form self-assembled colloidal structures modifying their biological activity. This behavior is generally neglected in preclinical studies, despite its impact on pharmacological development. In this regard, a significative example is represented by a new class of amphiphilic marine-inspired vaccine adjuvants, collectively named Sulfavants, based on the β-sulfoquinovosyl-diacylglyceride skeleton. The family includes the lead product Sulfavant A () and two epimers, Sulfavant R () and Sulfavant S (), differing only for the stereochemistry at C-2 of glycerol. The three compounds showed a significant difference in immunological potency, presumably correlated with change of the aggregates in water. Here, a new synthesis of diastereopure was achieved, and the study of the immunomodulatory behavior of mixtures of proved that the bizarre in vitro response to - effectively depends on the supramolecular aggregation states, likely affecting the bioavailability of agonists that can effectively interact with the cellular targets. The evidence obtained with the mixture of pure Sulfavant R () and Sulfavant S () proves, for the first time, that supramolecular organization of a mixture of active epimers in aqueous solution can bias evaluation of their biological and pharmacological potential.

摘要

在水相条件下,两亲性生物活性分子能够形成自组装胶体结构,从而改变其生物活性。尽管这种行为会对药理学发展产生影响,但在临床前研究中通常会忽略这种行为。在这方面,一个显著的例子是一类新型的基于β-硫酸奎诺糖基二酰基甘油骨架的亲脂性海洋启发型疫苗佐剂,统称为 Sulfavants。该家族包括先导产品 Sulfavant A () 和两种差向异构体 Sulfavant R () 和 Sulfavant S (),它们仅在甘油 C-2 的立体化学上有所不同。这三种化合物在免疫原性方面表现出显著差异,推测与其在水中的聚集状态变化有关。本文实现了对非对映纯 的新合成,并研究了 的混合物的免疫调节行为,证明了对 - 的奇异体外反应实际上取决于超分子聚集状态,这可能会影响与细胞靶标有效相互作用的激动剂的生物利用度。用纯 Sulfavant R ()和 Sulfavant S ()的混合物获得的证据首次证明,在水溶液中,活性差向异构体混合物的超分子组织可以影响对其生物学和药理学潜力的评估。

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