Commins Daniel E, Coppens Yves, Hidaka Takayuki
Commins Acoustics Workshop, 15 rue Laurence Savart, 75020 Paris, France.
Professeur émérite au Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris, France.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2020 Aug;148(2):918. doi: 10.1121/10.0001724.
Access to the original Lascaux cave, a UNESCO World Heritage site famous for its 18 000 year old paintings, has been restricted since 1963. In 2016, an accurate facsimile, Lascaux IV, was designed and built. In the original cave, Lascaux I, classical contemporary room acoustics measurement systems could not be used. However, it has been possible to perform simplified measurements in a few minutes. Similar measurements were made in Lascaux IV once completed. The data provide a unique insight of the acoustic behavior of the Lascaux cave: it shows that the two caves, the original and the copy, have similar acoustical characteristics. In both cases, in the famed Hall of Bulls, the impulse response is smooth, reverberation time is relatively long, and speech intelligibility is fair; this environment is suitable for the ceremonies that presumably took place there. Because of the precision of the copy, Lascaux IV could be used as a 1/1 scale-model of Lascaux I. Therefore, sophisticated acoustical tests could be undertaken in Lascaux IV to help specialists in their archeological investigations. For example, resonances could be precisely documented to explore the potential relationship between parietal painting positions and echoes or sound effects that may have been used in ritual ceremonies.
拉斯科原始洞穴是一处联合国教科文组织世界遗产，以其有着18000年历史的壁画而闻名，自1963年以来，进入该洞穴受到了限制。2016年，一座精确的复制品——拉斯科四号洞穴被设计并建造出来。在原始的拉斯科一号洞穴中，无法使用传统的当代室内声学测量系统。然而，已经能够在几分钟内进行简化测量。拉斯科四号洞穴建成后也进行了类似的测量。这些数据为拉斯科洞穴的声学特性提供了独特的见解：结果表明，原始洞穴和复制品这两个洞穴具有相似的声学特征。在这两种情况下，在著名的公牛大厅里，脉冲响应平滑，混响时间相对较长，语音清晰度尚可；这种环境适合于推测在那里举行的仪式。由于复制品的精确性，拉斯科四号洞穴可以用作拉斯科一号洞穴的1:1比例模型。因此，可以在拉斯科四号洞穴中进行复杂的声学测试，以帮助专家进行考古研究。例如，可以精确记录共振情况，以探索壁画位置与可能在仪式中使用的回声或音效之间的潜在关系。
