Forensic Toxicology Lab, Institute of Forensic Sciences and Criminology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
Indian J Pharmacol. 2020 May-Jun;52(3):216-221. doi: 10.4103/ijp.IJP_758_19. Epub 2020 Aug 4.
Methylphenidate (MPH) is a first-line treatment option for attention-deficit hyperactive disorder and narcolepsy. MPH is one of the most abused psychostimulants by the adults and young population to stay awake, perform better, or improve concentration. The scanty reports say that the medical users or abusers mostly consider the administration of benzodiazepines to overcome the adverse effects, i.e., mood- and anxiety-related problems associated with MPH chronic abuse. This work aims to study the effect of alprazolam (ALZ) on MPH-associated adverse effects on liver and kidney.
Female Wistar rats ( = 58) were administered with MPH (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) and ALZ (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) alone and in combination for 28 days. Bodyweight, feed intake, and water intake were monitored weekly. Parameters related to liver and renal function, oxidative stress, and histopathology were performed to evaluate the toxic impacts on the liver and kidneys.
ALZ, along with MPH, increased the serum alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, and urea levels. The co-abuse also led to elevated oxidative stress and structural abnormalities in the liver and kidney tissues.
The co-abuse of ALZ has amplified the hepato-renal toxic effects of MPH. Therefore, it is a significant concern for public safety, and their co-abuse must be restricted and discouraged.
哌醋甲酯（MPH）是治疗注意力缺陷多动障碍和嗜睡症的一线治疗选择。MPH 是成年人和年轻人为保持清醒、表现更好或提高注意力而滥用最多的精神兴奋剂之一。为数不多的报告表明，医疗使用者或滥用者大多认为给予苯二氮䓬类药物可以克服与 MPH 慢性滥用相关的不良反应，即情绪和焦虑相关问题。这项工作旨在研究阿普唑仑（ALZ）对 MPH 相关不良反应对肝脏和肾脏的影响。
雌性 Wistar 大鼠（n=58）单独和联合给予 MPH（10、20 和 40mg/kg）和 ALZ（5、10 和 20mg/kg）28 天。每周监测体重、采食量和饮水量。进行与肝功能和肾功能、氧化应激和组织病理学相关的参数以评估对肝脏和肾脏的毒性影响。
ALZ 与 MPH 一起增加了血清碱性磷酸酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、肌酐和尿素水平。共同滥用还导致肝脏和肾脏组织中的氧化应激和结构异常增加。
ALZ 的共同滥用放大了 MPH 的肝-肾毒性作用。因此，这是一个重大的公共安全问题，必须限制和劝阻它们的共同滥用。
