吞咽困难。第 2 部分：重症监护患者的吞咽困难。
Dysphagia. Part 2: Dysphagia in intensive care patients.
机构信息
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
出版信息
Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther. 2020;52(3):233-236. doi: 10.5114/ait.2020.98490.
Dysphagia is a common problem among ICU patients. The frequency of dysphagia increases with age and sometimes symptoms can be difficult to recognise. But the con-sequences of dysphagia can be very serious, including aspiration and subsequently aspiration pneumonia. Therefore, knowing mechanisms and symptoms causing dysphagia is very important and should be well recognised. Proper diagnosis allows one to prevent further complications. However, both the diagnosis and treatment can be very complicated, especially among the patients who do not cooperate. In many cases, the implementation of an appropriate nutrition strategy and proper rehabilitation can alleviate the symptoms of dysphagia and avoid the most severe complications.
吞咽困难是 ICU 患者中常见的问题。吞咽困难的频率随着年龄的增长而增加，有时症状难以识别。但是，吞咽困难的后果可能非常严重，包括吸入和随后的吸入性肺炎。因此，了解导致吞咽困难的机制和症状非常重要，应该得到很好的认识。正确的诊断可以防止进一步的并发症。然而，诊断和治疗都可能非常复杂，尤其是在那些不配合的患者中。在许多情况下，实施适当的营养策略和适当的康复可以缓解吞咽困难的症状，并避免最严重的并发症。
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