McGivern R F, Raum W J, Salido E, Redei E
Department of Medicine, UCLA, Torrance 90509.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1988 Apr;12(2):243-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1988.tb00188.x.
Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were administered a liquid alcohol diet (35% ethanol-derived calories), a pair-fed isocaloric diet, or dry food pellets beginning on Day 14 of gestation and continuing until parturition. Testosterone levels in male fetuses were measured on Days 17 through 20 of gestation. The normal surge of testosterone on Days 18 and 19 was present in controls, but notably absent in male fetuses exposed to alcohol. Light microscopic examination of the testes at birth revealed a reduction in the number of leydig cells in the alcohol exposed group and the presence of a large number of vacuoles in the seminiferous tubules. In vitro studies of fetal testes at 18 and 22 days of gestation revealed that this in utero alcohol exposure regimen produced a marked insensitivity to rat LH (10 ng/ml) stimulation of testosterone secretion compared to controls. The response to ethanol (160 mg/dl) in alcohol exposed testes was characterized by a long-lasting suppression of testosterone compared to a large increase observed in control testes. No differences in anogenital distance were observed among the groups. Together, these data may explain some of the long-term feminizing and demasculinizing effects on reproductive and nonreproductive sexually dimorphic behaviors observed in adult males prenatally exposed to alcohol.
从妊娠第14天开始，给怀孕的斯普拉格-道利大鼠喂食液体酒精饮食（35%乙醇热量）、配对喂养的等热量饮食或干粮颗粒，持续至分娩。在妊娠第17天至20天测量雄性胎儿的睾酮水平。对照组在第18天和第19天出现正常的睾酮激增，但暴露于酒精的雄性胎儿中明显没有。出生时对睾丸进行光镜检查发现，酒精暴露组的莱迪希细胞数量减少，生精小管中存在大量空泡。对妊娠18天和22天的胎儿睾丸进行体外研究发现，与对照组相比，这种子宫内酒精暴露方案导致对大鼠促黄体生成素（10 ng/ml）刺激睾酮分泌产生明显的不敏感性。与对照组睾丸中观察到的大幅增加相比，酒精暴露睾丸对乙醇（160 mg/dl）的反应表现为睾酮的长期抑制。各组间肛门生殖距离未见差异。这些数据共同解释了产前暴露于酒精的成年男性在生殖和非生殖性二态性行为中观察到的一些长期女性化和去男性化效应。
