State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
Environ Pollut. 2020 Dec;267:115428. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115428. Epub 2020 Aug 25.
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) were comprehensively investigated in the air samples collected using high-volume samplers near the Chinese Great Wall Station in the Western Antarctic Peninsula over the period of 2014-2018. The concentrations of ∑OPEs (gaseous + particle phases) ranged from 33.9 to 404 pg/m with a geometric mean of 119 ± 12.0 pg/m. Tris [(2R)-1-chloro-2-propyl] phosphate (TCIPP) and tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) dominated in the gaseous phase, while tris-n-butyl phosphate (TnBP) was the most abundant OPEs in the particle phase, followed by TCIPP and TCEP. An apparently temporal trend was observed for atmospheric ∑OPEs over the five years, with a doubling time of about 3.8 years, which indicated continuous inputs of OPEs into the sampling area. The particle-bound ∑OPEs accounted for 45% of the total, generally lower than that reported in the Arctic. Gas-particle partitioning modeling suggested that the partitioning of OPEs with higher logK values approached the steady state in the Antarctic air. The back-trajectory modeling showed that high levels of OPEs were usually associated with air inputs from the northwest of the peninsula. This suggested that long-range transport from South America, which was confirmed by the no temperature dependencies of OPEs concentrations (excluding TnBP). Nevertheless, a steady high level of particle-bound TnBP implied local sources in the Western Antarctic Peninsula, which required further investigation in future works.
2014-2018 年期间，在南极半岛西部的中国长城站附近使用大容量采样器采集空气样本，对其中的有机磷酸酯（OPEs）进行了全面调查。∑OPEs（气相+颗粒相）的浓度范围为 33.9-404 pg/m，几何平均值为 119±12.0 pg/m。磷酸三（2-氯丙基）酯（TCIPP）和磷酸三（2-氯乙基）酯（TCEP）在气相中占主导地位，而三正丁基磷酸酯（TnBP）是颗粒相中最丰富的 OPEs，其次是 TCIPP 和 TCEP。在这五年中，大气中∑OPEs 表现出明显的时间趋势，倍增时间约为 3.8 年，这表明 OPEs 不断输入到采样区域。颗粒结合态∑OPEs 占总量的 45%，一般低于北极的报道。气-粒分配模型表明，具有较高 logK 值的 OPEs 的分配接近南极空气中的稳定状态。后向轨迹模型表明，OPEs 浓度较高通常与来自半岛西北部的空气输入有关。这表明，来自南美洲的长距离传输，这一点通过 OPEs 浓度（不包括 TnBP）没有温度依赖性得到了证实。然而，颗粒结合态 TnBP 的稳定高水平意味着南极半岛西部存在本地源，这需要在未来的工作中进一步调查。
