Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut de Agents Infectieux, Centre National de Référence des Virus des Infections Respiratoires, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon.
Université́ Claude Bernard.
AIDS. 2020 Oct 1;34(12):1765-1770. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000002639.
A new coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) emerged in China during late 2019 and resulted in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic which peaked in France in March-April 2020. Immunodeficiency, precariousness and promiscuity could increase the risk of COVID-19 in HIV-infected patients and in preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users. No epidemiological data are available in these two populations. We report COVID-19 attack rate in HIV-infected patients and in PrEP users in the Rhône department, France, and compared it with the general population.
Retrospective analysis of a laboratory database.
COVID-19 testing strategy in France was centered on symptomatic infections, hospitalized patients and symptomatic healthcare workers while most asymptomatic cases were not confirmed. SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate on PCR assays and COVID-19 attack rate were determined in HIV-infected patients and in PrEP users. COVID-19 attack rate in the general population was estimated from health authorities' database and demographic data. A corrected attack rate taking into account the laboratory representativeness was calculated.
From March to April 2020, 24 860 samples from 19 113 patients (HIV-infected 77, PrEP users 27, others 19 009) were assessed for SARS-CoV-2 PCR assay. The positivity rate appeared similar in HIV-infected patients (15.6%), in PrEP users (14.8%) and in other patients (19.1%). The crude/corrected COVID-19 attack rate appeared similar in HIV-infected patients (0.31/0.38%) and in PrEP users (0.38/0.42%), and of the same order as the estimated attack rate in the general population (0.24%).
The risk of symptomatic COVID-19 in France appeared similar in HIV-infected patients and in PrEP users compared with the general population.
一种新型冠状病毒——严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）于 2019 年末在中国出现，并导致 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行，该大流行在 2020 年 3 月至 4 月在法国达到高峰。免疫缺陷、不稳定和滥交可能会增加感染 HIV 的患者和使用暴露前预防（PrEP）的患者感染 COVID-19 的风险。在这两个群体中，没有流行病学数据。我们报告了法国罗纳省感染 HIV 的患者和 PrEP 用户的 COVID-19 发病率，并将其与普通人群进行了比较。
实验室数据库的回顾性分析。
法国的 COVID-19 检测策略以症状性感染、住院患者和有症状的医护人员为中心，而大多数无症状病例未得到确认。在感染 HIV 的患者和 PrEP 用户中，通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测确定 SARS-CoV-2 阳性率和 COVID-19 发病率。通过卫生当局的数据库和人口统计数据来估计普通人群的 COVID-19 发病率。考虑到实验室代表性，计算了校正后的发病率。
从 2020 年 3 月至 4 月，对来自 19113 名患者（感染 HIV 的 77 名、使用 PrEP 的 27 名、其他 19009 名）的 24860 份样本进行了 SARS-CoV-2 PCR 检测。在感染 HIV 的患者（15.6%）、使用 PrEP 的患者（14.8%）和其他患者（19.1%）中，阳性率似乎相似。在感染 HIV 的患者（0.31/0.38%）和使用 PrEP 的患者（0.38/0.42%）中，COVID-19 发病率的粗值/校正值似乎相似，与普通人群中估计的发病率（0.24%）处于同一数量级。
在法国，与普通人群相比，感染 HIV 的患者和使用 PrEP 的患者出现有症状 COVID-19 的风险似乎相似。
