Department of Livestock & Avian Sciences, Faculty of Livestock Fisheries & Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura, Gonawila, Sri Lanka.
National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Adv Food Nutr Res. 2020;94:339-384. doi: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2020.06.008. Epub 2020 Jul 21.
Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate numbers, confer health benefit/s on the host, while prebiotics are nondigestible food ingredients that are selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the distal parts of the host digestive tract conferring health benefits. Dairy products manufactured mainly using bovine milk is the major vehicle in delivering probiotics to humans. At present, there is an increasing demand for non-bovine probiotic milk products. Both bovine and non-bovine dairy products contain several ingredients with prebiotic properties such as oligosaccharides that could positively interact with probiotics to alter their functional properties. Furthermore, these bovine and non-bovine products could be fortified with prebiotics from various sources such as inulin and oligofructose in order to provide additional health benefits. In addition, non-bovine milk products are good sources for isolating novel potential probiotics. Non-bovine milk such as goat, sheep, camel and donkey have been used in producing several probiotic products including set-yoghurt, drinking-yoghurt, stirred-yoghurt, ice cream and cheese. Prebiotic inclusions in non-bovine milk at present is mainly associated with goat and sheep milk products. In this context, this chapter focuses on the different types of non-bovine milk products containing probiotics and prebiotics, and product quality and microbiological characteristics with special reference to probiotic viability.
益生菌是活的微生物，当以足够数量使用时，会对宿主产生健康益处，而益生元是非消化性食物成分，它们选择性地刺激宿主消化道远端有益微生物的生长，从而带来健康益处。主要使用牛乳制造的乳制品是将益生菌输送给人类的主要载体。目前，人们对非牛益生菌乳制品的需求不断增加。牛和非牛乳制品都含有几种具有益生元特性的成分，如低聚糖，它们可以与益生菌积极相互作用，改变其功能特性。此外，这些牛和非牛产品可以添加来自不同来源的益生元，如菊粉和低聚果糖，以提供额外的健康益处。此外，非牛乳制品是分离新型潜在益生菌的良好来源。山羊、绵羊、骆驼和驴等非牛乳制品已用于生产几种益生菌产品，包括酸奶、饮用酸奶、搅拌酸奶、冰淇淋和奶酪。目前，非牛乳制品中的益生元主要与山羊奶和绵羊奶产品有关。在这方面，本章重点介绍含有益生菌和益生元的不同类型的非牛乳制品产品，以及产品质量和微生物学特性，特别参考益生菌的生存能力。
