Bahouq Hanane, Soulaymani Abdelmajid
Genetic and Biometric Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University Ibn Tofail Kenitra, Kenitra, Morocco.
Regional Public Hospital of Specialities, Tanger, Morocco.
J Menopausal Med. 2020 Aug;26(2):121-129. doi: 10.6118/jmm.19008.
Previous researches have investigated depression in postmenopausal women (PMW) with osteoporosis and fractures, but little is known regarding Moroccan PMW without fractures. We investigated depression prevalence and severity in Moroccan PMW with osteoporosis without fractures and its relationship with quality of life (QoL) and physical and psychological state.
This cross-sectional study enrolled 100 PMW with osteoporosis without fractures. Depressive symptoms, QoL, self-esteem, and fatigue were evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Arabic version of ECOS-16 questionnaire, Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and Arabic version of the Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue scale, respectively. A questionnaire including sociodemographic factors, bone density features, pain intensity, and sleep disturbance was completed.
Overall, 58% patients suffered from depression and 55% from pain (63.8% depressed women vs. 42.9% nondepressed patients; = 0.03). Bone mineral density, lumbar spine T-score, ECOS-16, and self-esteem in depressed and nondepressed women were 0.791 (0.738-0.840) vs. 0.835 (0.790-0.866); -3.25 (-3.8 to -2.875) vs. -2.9 (-3.425 to -2.700), = 0.02; 2.338 ± 0.605 vs. 1.638 ± 0.455; and 13.517 ± 5.487 vs. 18.404 ± 5.771, < 0.0001, respectively. Depression severity correlated with pain, QoL, self-esteem, and fatigue (r = 0.367, r = -0.390, r = -0.390, and r = 0.369, respectively; < 0.0001) as well as lumbar spine bone mineral density and T-score (r = -0.258 and r = -0.255, respectively; = 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed impaired QoL (β = 0.526; < 0.0001), fatigue (β = 0.177; = 0.02), and lower self-esteem (β = -2.170; = 0.005) as the strongest risk factors of depression.
Our study shows that even without fractures, Moroccan PMW with osteoporosis suffered from depression, pain, impaired QoL, and lower self-esteem.
以往研究调查了患有骨质疏松症和骨折的绝经后女性（PMW）的抑郁症情况，但对于未发生骨折的摩洛哥绝经后女性知之甚少。我们调查了未发生骨折的患有骨质疏松症的摩洛哥绝经后女性的抑郁症患病率及严重程度，及其与生活质量（QoL）以及身体和心理状态的关系。
这项横断面研究纳入了100名患有骨质疏松症但未发生骨折的绝经后女性。分别使用患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）、ECOS-16问卷阿拉伯语版、罗森伯格自尊量表以及疲劳多维评估量表阿拉伯语版对抑郁症状、生活质量、自尊和疲劳进行评估。完成了一份包括社会人口学因素、骨密度特征、疼痛强度和睡眠障碍的问卷。
总体而言，58%的患者患有抑郁症，55%的患者有疼痛（抑郁女性为63.8%，非抑郁患者为42.9%；P = 0.03）。抑郁和非抑郁女性的骨矿物质密度、腰椎T值、ECOS-16和自尊分别为0.791（0.738 - 0.840）对0.835（0.790 - 0.866）；-3.25（-3.8至-2.875）对-2.9（-3.425至-2.700），P = 0.02；2.338±0.605对1.638±0.455；以及13.517±5.487对18.404±5.771，P < 0.0001。抑郁严重程度与疼痛、生活质量、自尊和疲劳相关（r分别为0.367、r = -0.390、r = -0.390和r = 0.369；P < 0.0001），也与腰椎骨矿物质密度和T值相关（r分别为-0.258和r = -0.255；P = 0.01）。多元线性回归分析显示，生活质量受损（β = 0.526；P < 0.0001）、疲劳（β = 0.177；P = 0.02）和自尊较低（β = -2.170；P = 0.005）是抑郁症最强的危险因素。
我们的研究表明，即使没有骨折，患有骨质疏松症的摩洛哥绝经后女性也会出现抑郁、疼痛、生活质量受损和自尊较低的情况。
