Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran.
East Mediterr Health J. 2020 Aug 25;26(8):888-898. doi: 10.26719/emhj.20.022.
Inappropriate distribution of health centres can increase inequities in health care. A geographic information system (GIS) is a useful tool to help plan, monitor and evaluate health systems by analysing and visualizing geospatial data.
This study aimed to propose an optimal model for establishing new health centres in the city of Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran using GIS.
In this descriptive analytical study, the number and location of health centres and people's access to them across Kermanshah were evaluated using the GIS system, ArcGIS 10.3, for the years 1997, 2007 and 2012. To determine the best locations for establishing health centres, five principles were considered: access, distance, service delivery radius, proximity to areas of compatible and incompatible land-use, and population density.
In spite of an increase in the number of health centres in Kermanshah between 1997 and 2012, the population without access to such centres also increased, and this varied by age group. Based on the final map of all the land in Kermanshah, 6% of the land was considered unsuitable or very unsuitable, 16% medium suitability, and 78% good or very good for the location of health centres in Kermanshah city.
The spatial distribution of health centres (in terms of the radius of access) and compatibility of the land-use were not properly considered over the 15-year period. To provide health coverage for the current population in the city of Kermanshah, 13 new health centres are needed in suitable locations.
卫生中心的分布不当会加剧医疗服务的不平等。地理信息系统（GIS）是一种有用的工具，可以通过分析和可视化地理空间数据来帮助规划、监测和评估卫生系统。
本研究旨在利用 GIS 为伊朗克尔曼沙阿市建立新卫生中心提出一个最佳模型。
在这项描述性分析研究中，使用 GIS 系统（ArcGIS 10.3）评估了 1997 年、2007 年和 2012 年期间卫生中心的数量和位置以及人们对它们的可达性。为了确定建立卫生中心的最佳位置，考虑了以下五个原则：可达性、距离、服务提供半径、与兼容和不兼容土地利用区的接近程度以及人口密度。
尽管 1997 年至 2012 年间克尔曼沙阿市的卫生中心数量有所增加，但无法获得此类中心的人口也有所增加，且这因年龄组而异。根据克尔曼沙阿市所有土地的最终地图，6%的土地被认为不适宜或非常不适宜，16%的土地适宜度中等，78%的土地适宜或非常适宜作为克尔曼沙阿市卫生中心的选址。
在过去的 15 年中，卫生中心（可达半径方面）的空间分布和土地利用的兼容性没有得到适当考虑。为了为克尔曼沙阿市的当前人口提供医疗覆盖，需要在合适的位置建立 13 个新的卫生中心。
