Department of Research, Sociedad Cardiovascular y Arritmias (SOCAyA), Aguascalientes, Mexico.
Arch Cardiol Mex. 2020;90(2):183-189. doi: 10.24875/ACME.M20000114.
Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and sudden death (SD) continue to be a global public health problem, although the true incidence is unknown, it is estimated that they are responsible for 30% of cardiac origin mortality and may represent 20% of total mortality in adults. Unfortunately, the majority of cases occur in the general population, at the out-of-hospital level, in homes and in people who were not known to have heart disease. Although the majority of SCA victims are considered to be of cardiac origin and more frequent ischemic, it is not possible to rule out other causes only with the clinical diagnosis. Autopsy, histological, and toxicological studies are necessary in all victims of SCA and SD to determine the precise cause of death; when these studies are carried out, causes of non-cardiac origin have been found in up to 40% of victims. The type of arrhythmia responsible for an episode of SCA and SD has changed over the years, now asystole and pulseless electrical activity are detected more frequently than ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia. These and other aspects that we consider important in the current behavior of SCA and SD are analyzed in this article.
心脏性猝死（SCA）和心源性猝死（SD）仍然是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，尽管确切的发病率尚不清楚，但据估计，它们占心脏性死亡的 30%，可能占成年人总死亡率的 20%。不幸的是，大多数病例发生在普通人群中，院外，在家庭中，以及那些没有心脏病的人身上。尽管大多数 SCA 患者被认为是心脏性的，更常见的是缺血性，但仅通过临床诊断不可能排除其他原因。所有 SCA 和 SD 患者都需要进行尸检、组织学和毒理学研究，以确定确切的死亡原因；当进行这些研究时，已经在高达 40%的患者中发现了非心脏性原因。导致 SCA 和 SD 发作的心律失常类型多年来发生了变化，现在比室颤或无脉性室性心动过速更频繁地检测到停搏和无脉电活动。本文分析了 SCA 和 SD 当前行为中我们认为重要的这些和其他方面。
