Clinics Department, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, Tandil, Argentina.
Clinics Department, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario, Tandil, Argentina.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2020 Nov;47(6):797-802. doi: 10.1016/j.vaa.2020.07.034. Epub 2020 Aug 7.
To compare, versus a control, the sensory, sympathetic and motor blockade of lidocaine 1% and 2% administered epidurally in bitches undergoing ovariohysterectomy.
Randomized, blinded, controlled clinical trial.
A total of 24 mixed-breed intact female dogs.
All dogs were administered dexmedetomidine, tramadol and meloxicam prior to general anesthesia with midazolam-propofol and isoflurane. Animals were randomly assigned for an epidural injection of lidocaine 1% (0.4 mL kg; group L1), lidocaine 2% (0.4 mL kg; group L2) or no injection (group CONTROL). Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (f), end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pe'CO), and invasive systolic (SAP), mean (MAP) and diastolic (DAP) arterial pressures were recorded every 5 minutes. Increases in physiological variables were treated with fentanyl (3 μg kg) intravenously (IV). Phenylephrine (1 μg kg) was administered IV when MAP was <60 mmHg. Postoperative pain [Glasgow Composite Pain Score - Short Form (GCPS-SF)] and return of normal ambulation were recorded at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 hours after extubation.
There were no differences over time or among groups for HR, f, Pe'CO and SAP. MAP and DAP were lower in epidural groups than in CONTROL (p = 0.0146 and 0.0047, respectively). There was no difference in the use of phenylephrine boluses. More fentanyl was administered in CONTROL than in L1 and L2 (p = 0.011). GCPS-SF was lower for L2 than for CONTROL, and lower in L1 than in both other groups (p = 0.001). Time to ambulation was 2 (1-2) hours in L1 and 3 (2-4) hours in L2 (p = 0.004).
Epidural administration of lidocaine (0.4 mL kg) reduced fentanyl requirements and lowered MAP and DAP. Time to ambulation decreased and postoperative pain scores were improved by use of 1% lidocaine compared with 2% lidocaine.
比较利多卡因 1%和 2%硬膜外给药在接受卵巢子宫切除术的母犬中的感觉、交感和运动阻滞作用。
随机、双盲、对照临床试验。
共 24 只杂种未去势母犬。
所有犬在咪达唑仑-丙泊酚和异氟烷全身麻醉前给予右美托咪定、曲马多和美洛昔康。动物随机分配接受利多卡因 1%（0.4 mL/kg；L1 组）、利多卡因 2%（0.4 mL/kg；L2 组）或不注射（对照组）硬膜外注射。每 5 分钟记录心率（HR）、呼吸频率（f）、呼气末二氧化碳分压（Pe'CO）以及有创收缩压（SAP）、平均动脉压（MAP）和舒张压（DAP）。用静脉注射芬太尼（3μg/kg）治疗生理变量的增加。当 MAP<60mmHg 时，静脉注射去甲肾上腺素（1μg/kg）。拔管后 1、2、3、4 和 6 小时记录术后疼痛[格拉斯哥复合疼痛评分-简短形式（GCPS-SF）]和正常活动恢复情况。
HR、f、Pe'CO 和 SAP 无随时间或组间差异。硬膜外组的 MAP 和 DAP 低于对照组（p=0.0146 和 0.0047）。去甲肾上腺素冲击剂量无差异。对照组比 L1 和 L2 组使用更多的芬太尼（p=0.011）。L2 组的 GCPS-SF 低于对照组，L1 组低于其他两组（p=0.001）。L1 组的活动时间为 2（1-2）小时，L2 组为 3（2-4）小时（p=0.004）。
硬膜外给予 0.4 mL/kg 利多卡因可减少芬太尼的需求，并降低 MAP 和 DAP。与 2%利多卡因相比，使用 1%利多卡因可减少活动时间并改善术后疼痛评分。
