School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Research Group on Natural Products, Center for Research in Sciences and Technology, University of Franca, Franca, SP, Brazil.
Phytochem Anal. 2021 May;32(3):404-411. doi: 10.1002/pca.2988. Epub 2020 Sep 9.
Propolis is widely used in folk medicine, and many factors can affect its chemical composition, including abiotic factors that can influence plants and bees. Therefore, analytical methods are powerful techniques in the quality control of such products.
Develop and validate an analytical method for quantifying volatile compounds in Brazilian brown propolis, and evaluate its biological activities.
A gas chromatography flame ionisation detector (GC-FID) analytical method was validated, attending the parameters of international validation guidelines as ANVISA 2017 and ICH 2005, for quantification of compounds present in volatile oils from propolis. Evaluation of cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and leishmanicidal activities of the oil.
The compounds 1,8-cineole, terpinen-4-ol, α-copaene, β-caryophyllene, γ-muurolene, nerolidol, spathulenol, and γ-palmitolactone were isolated from the volatile fraction of a Brazilian brown propolis and used in the method validation. All the validation parameters of the method were satisfactory. The volatile fraction displayed a significant leishmanicidal activity, with half maximal inhibition concentration (IC ) = 21.3 μg/mL against amastigote forms and IC = 25.1 μg/mL against promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis. The oil also displayed an antibacterial effect by inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus at 25 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL, respectively, but it was not cytotoxic against AGP-01, He-La and CHO-K1cell lines, with IC > 100 μg/mL.
The GC-FID method can be a useful tool in the quality control of propolis material. The southeast brown propolis showed a high chemical complexity in its volatile fraction, which displayed leishmanicidal activity and bactericidal activity.
蜂胶在民间医学中被广泛应用，许多因素都会影响其化学成分，包括影响植物和蜜蜂的非生物因素。因此，分析方法是此类产品质量控制的有力技术。
开发和验证一种分析巴西棕色蜂胶中挥发性化合物的方法，并评估其生物活性。
采用气相色谱火焰离子化检测器（GC-FID）分析方法，遵循巴西国家卫生监督局 2017 年和国际人用药品注册技术协调会 2005 年的国际验证指南参数，对蜂胶挥发油中存在的化合物进行定量。评价油的细胞毒性、抗菌和杀利什曼原虫活性。
从巴西棕色蜂胶的挥发性部分分离出 1,8-桉树脑、萜品-4-醇、α-古巴烯、β-石竹烯、γ-古巴烯、橙花叔醇、蛇麻烯、γ-棕榈内酯等化合物，并将其用于方法验证。该方法的所有验证参数均令人满意。挥发性部分对利什曼原虫表现出显著的杀利什曼原虫活性，半最大抑制浓度（IC ）为 21.3μg/mL 对抗变形体形式和 IC = 25.1μg/mL 对抗利什曼原虫亚马逊形态。油还显示出抗菌作用，在 25μg/mL 和 50μg/mL 时分别抑制变形链球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的生长，但对 AGP-01、He-La 和 CHO-K1 细胞系无细胞毒性，IC > 100μg/mL。
GC-FID 方法可以成为蜂胶材料质量控制的有用工具。东南棕色蜂胶的挥发性部分表现出较高的化学复杂性，具有杀利什曼原虫活性和杀菌活性。
