Bartlett J A, Riding K H, Salkeld L J
Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
J Otolaryngol. 1988 Apr;17(2):111-20.
Hemangiomas occur in approximately 1% of Caucasian children, and the head and neck is a common site of presentation. Lesions in this region may cause morbidity and occasionally mortality by virtue of complications such as ulceration, infection, hemorrhage, hemodynamic change, aerodigestive tract obstruction and disfigurement. The majority of hemangiomas regress spontaneously. Those with impending complications may require treatment with several modalities. Embolization, surgery, laser therapy, cryotherapy and medical therapy with steroids and antifibrinolytic agents may be used in selected situations. Radiotherapy is now rarely favored due to potential induction of late malignancies. The natural history of these lesions is discussed along with the treatment modalities available and indications for use. Several representative cases are presented.
血管瘤在约1%的白种儿童中出现，头颈部是常见的发病部位。该区域的病变可能因溃疡、感染、出血、血流动力学改变、气道消化道梗阻和毁容等并发症而导致发病，偶尔还会导致死亡。大多数血管瘤会自发消退。那些有并发症风险的血管瘤可能需要多种治疗方式。栓塞、手术、激光治疗、冷冻治疗以及使用类固醇和抗纤维蛋白溶解剂的药物治疗可在特定情况下使用。由于可能诱发晚期恶性肿瘤，放疗目前很少被采用。本文将讨论这些病变的自然病程以及可用的治疗方式和使用指征。还将展示几个典型病例。
