Quinn T C, Riggin C H, Kline R L, Francis H, Mulanga K, Sension M G, Fauci A S
Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Md.
JAMA. 1988;260(4):510-3.
Unscreened blood transfusions continue to be one of the major modes of transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in developing countries, such as in Central Africa, where 5% to 18% of blood donors are HIV seropositive. We evaluated a rapid latex agglutination assay using a novel recombinant envelope polypeptide of HIV for the detection of HIV antibodies among 2820 blood donors and clinical patients from diverse geographic regions, including on-site testing in Central Africa of 1600 blood donors. Overall, 29.2% of the serum samples were positive by Western blot assay. On a single determination, the latex agglutination slide test was found to be highly sensitive and specific compared with Western blot results in these populations with a relatively high prevalence of infection. Use of this assay will allow the immediate implementation of serologic screening for HIV in developing areas of the world, where standard screening procedures are impractical or not available, and in many other clinical settings, such as sexually transmitted diseases clinics and hospitals, where testing and counseling could be promptly implemented.
在发展中国家，如中非地区，未筛查的输血仍是人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的主要传播途径之一，该地区5%至18%的献血者HIV血清学检测呈阳性。我们评估了一种使用新型HIV重组包膜多肽的快速乳胶凝集试验，用于检测来自不同地理区域的2820名献血者和临床患者中的HIV抗体，包括在中非对1600名献血者进行现场检测。总体而言，29.2%的血清样本经免疫印迹法检测呈阳性。在单次检测中，发现乳胶凝集玻片试验与免疫印迹结果相比，在这些感染率相对较高的人群中具有高度敏感性和特异性。使用该检测方法将能够在世界上标准筛查程序不实用或无法开展的发展中地区以及许多其他临床环境（如性传播疾病诊所和医院）立即开展HIV血清学筛查，在这些地方可以迅速进行检测和咨询。
