Wen Weijia, Huang Xianxiang, Sheng Ping
Department of Physics and the Institute of Nano Science and Technology, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Soft Matter. 2008 Jan 22;4(2):200-210. doi: 10.1039/b710948m.
Electrorheology denotes the control of a colloid's flow properties through an electric field. We delineate the basic characteristics of electrorheological (ER) fluids, and show that the use of an effective dielectric constant concept can yield quantitative predictions. In particular, the ground state structure, the structural transition that occurs under crossed electric and magnetic fields, the high-field yield stress and its variation with particle size are all in good agreement with the experiments. The recently discovered giant electrorheological effect, owing its origin to molecular dipoles, is described and contrasted with the conventional ER effect that arises from induced polarization effects.
电流变学是指通过电场来控制胶体的流动特性。我们阐述了电流变（ER）流体的基本特性，并表明使用有效介电常数概念可以得出定量预测。特别是，基态结构、在交叉电场和磁场下发生的结构转变、高场屈服应力及其随粒径的变化都与实验结果高度吻合。文中描述了最近发现的源于分子偶极子的巨大电流变效应，并将其与由感应极化效应产生的传统电流变效应进行了对比。
