Depto de Agronomia-Entomologia, Univ Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil.
Instituto Mato-Grossense do Algodão, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil.
Neotrop Entomol. 2020 Dec;49(6):901-915. doi: 10.1007/s13744-020-00813-7. Epub 2020 Sep 9.
The departure and arrival of boll weevil in cotton fields have fostered major control decisions against this pest over time. Field colonization and distribution of boll weevil were evaluated using cotton fields from 93.7 to 154 ha each, located in Serra da Petrovina and Campo Verde, both in the Cerrado biome of Mato Grosso State, Brazil, as a function of cotton field bordering vegetation and crop phenology. The monitoring of adult weevils was carried out using traps containing sex and aggregation pheromone. The traps were set up considering the four coordinates of the field, bordering vegetation, and distances from the field margin. Six traps were set in each direction with three representing the field margin (0 m, 60 m, and 120 m from the borderline) and the other three set up equidistant from the center of the field (> 200 m). Traps were evaluated weekly beginning 10 days after plant emergence (DAE) throughout the cotton phenology until harvesting. Boll weevils were caught in the first evaluation 10 DAE, irrespective of the vegetation bordering the cotton field and distance of trap from field margin. The average weevils per trap was relatively low throughout the crop development but increased significantly through the maturation and harvesting periods. Furthermore, the bordering vegetation was not the only determinant factor for boll weevil colonization and distribution throughout the cotton field. Based on these data, boll weevil exhibited early colonization, already occurring beyond the border of the field.
棉铃象甲在棉田中的出现和离开促使人们针对这种害虫做出了重大的防治决策。为了评估棉铃象甲在棉田中的定殖和分布情况，在巴西马托格罗索州塞拉达佩特罗维纳和坎波韦尔迪两个地区的塞拉多生物群落中，选择了面积从 93.7 到 154 公顷不等的棉田，这些棉田的边界植被和作物物候存在差异。成虫象甲的监测是使用含有性信息素和聚集信息素的诱捕器进行的。诱捕器的设置考虑了田间的四个坐标、边界植被以及与田边的距离。每个方向设置 6 个诱捕器，其中 3 个代表田边（距离田界 0m、60m 和 120m），另外 3 个设置在距离田心等距离处（>200m）。从棉花物候期开始，在植株出土后 10 天（DAE）开始，每周评估一次诱捕器，直到收获。在第一个评估期，即 DAE 后 10 天，无论棉花田的边界植被如何，也无论诱捕器距离田边多远，都捕获到了棉铃象甲。在整个作物发育期，每个诱捕器捕获的象甲数量相对较低，但在成熟和收获期显著增加。此外，边界植被并不是棉铃象甲在整个棉田定殖和分布的唯一决定因素。基于这些数据，棉铃象甲表现出了早期定殖，在田界之外就已经开始出现。
