Beleites T, Zahnert T, Polk M-L, Kluge A, Neudert M, Kemper M
Klinik und Poliklinik für HNO, TU Dresden, Universitätsklinikum, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Deutschland.
HNO. 2021 Jul;69(7):556-561. doi: 10.1007/s00106-020-00941-x. Epub 2020 Sep 10.
Surgery of the middle ear requires a very high level of fine motor skills. Due to the increased potential for complications in middle ear operations, it is appropriate to acquire these skills beforehand by operating on a model.
How satisfactory is the training on suitable models? Are the skills acquired from working on a model transferable to intraoperative situations? Will the type of model and its use for training influence ear surgery in the future?
Available publications and own experiences with the Dresden tympanoplasty model (DTM) are analyzed and discussed.
Although middle ear surgery makes very high demands on the surgeon and there is a significant risk for severe complications to the ear as a sense organ, there are currently very few options to train surgeons in advance. The DTM is a validated training model, which is capable of closing this gap. Due to the possibility of using a real-time feedback variation of the model, the understanding for reconstruction quality and intraoperative acoustic stress can be improved. The translation of the real-time feedback idea into actual middle ear surgery can improve reconstruction quality in the future.
Training on suitable models is indispensable, especially when training as a surgeon to carry out middle ear operations. Adding another sense perception to the internal and external quality assessment of tympanoplasty by inclusion of the real-time feedback option, can optimize learning and operating processes.
中耳手术需要非常高的精细运动技能水平。由于中耳手术并发症的可能性增加，通过在模型上操作预先掌握这些技能是合适的。
在合适的模型上进行训练的满意度如何？从模型操作中获得的技能能否转移到术中情况？模型的类型及其用于训练的方式未来会对耳部手术产生影响吗？
分析并讨论了现有出版物以及我们自己使用德累斯顿鼓膜成形术模型（DTM）的经验。
尽管中耳手术对外科医生要求极高，且耳部作为感觉器官出现严重并发症的风险很大，但目前提前培训外科医生的选择非常少。DTM是一种经过验证的训练模型，能够弥补这一差距。由于可以使用该模型的实时反馈变体，对重建质量和术中声学压力的理解可以得到改善。将实时反馈理念转化为实际的中耳手术有望在未来提高重建质量。
在合适的模型上进行训练是必不可少的，尤其是在培训外科医生进行中耳手术时。通过纳入实时反馈选项，在鼓膜成形术的内部和外部质量评估中增加另一种感官感知，可以优化学习和操作过程。
