Gutierrez Sirena, Milani Sadaf Arefi, Wong Rebeca
Department of Preventive Medicine and Population Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.
Sealy Center on Aging, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.
Innov Aging. 2020 Aug 6;4(5):igaa030. doi: 10.1093/geroni/igaa030. eCollection 2020.
Depression among older Mexican adults is underrecognized and of increasing concern due to its association with comorbidities including cognitive and functional impairments. Prior studies have found an association between low involvement levels in social activities and depression. We aimed to examine the association of time-use activities and depressive symptomatology by sex.
We used data from the 2012 and 2015 waves of the Mexican Health and Aging Study. Participants aged 60 and older who had low or no depressive symptoms in 2012 were included in these analyses ( = 4,309). Factor analysis was used to group activities and logistic regression models were used to assess the association of baseline time use with depressive symptomatology in 2015.
Among those with low or no depressive symptomatology in 2012, 21.0% reported elevated symptoms (5+) in 2015. Those with elevated depressive symptoms were more likely to be women, older, lower educated, and with at least one activity of daily living limitation. Four time-use domains emerged from the factor analysis including hobbies and indoor activities, volunteering, caregiving, and working. The hobbies and indoor activities domain was associated with lower odds of elevated symptoms for men and women (odds ratio [OR]: 0.76, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.61-0.96; and OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.61-0.91, respectively). Additionally, the volunteer and community activities domain was associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms for women (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.58-0.89) and men (OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.60-0.99).
Understanding how older Mexicans distribute their time among different activities and its associations with depressive symptoms can help guide policy and sex-specific interventions for psychological well-being. Certain domains had lower odds for elevated depressive symptomatology; future work should examine this association in other countries as well as the context of the built environment.
墨西哥老年成年人中的抑郁症未得到充分认识，且由于其与包括认知和功能障碍在内的合并症相关，日益受到关注。先前的研究发现社会活动参与水平低与抑郁症之间存在关联。我们旨在按性别研究时间利用活动与抑郁症状之间的关联。
我们使用了墨西哥健康与老龄化研究2012年和2015年两轮的数据。纳入了2012年抑郁症状少或无抑郁症状的60岁及以上参与者（n = 4309）。使用因子分析对活动进行分组，并使用逻辑回归模型评估2015年基线时间利用与抑郁症状之间的关联。
在2012年抑郁症状少或无抑郁症状的人群中，21.0%在2015年报告症状加重（5分及以上）。抑郁症状加重的人群更可能是女性、年龄较大、受教育程度较低且至少有一项日常生活活动受限。因子分析得出四个时间利用领域，包括爱好和室内活动、志愿服务、护理和工作。爱好和室内活动领域与男性和女性症状加重的几率较低相关（优势比[OR]：0.76，95%置信区间[CI]：0.61 - 0.96；OR：0.75，95% CI：0.61 - 0.91）。此外，志愿者和社区活动领域与女性（OR：0.72，95% CI：0.58 - 0.89）和男性（OR：0.77，95% CI：0.60 - 0.99）抑郁症状几率较低相关。
了解墨西哥老年人如何在不同活动中分配时间及其与抑郁症状的关联，有助于指导针对心理健康的政策和针对性别的干预措施。某些领域症状加重的几率较低；未来的工作应在其他国家以及建筑环境背景下研究这种关联。
