Latifi Alireza, Salami Mahboobeh, Kazemirad Elham, Soleimani Mohammad
Dept. of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Ocular Trauma and Emergency Department, Farabi eye hospital, Tehran university of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Parasite Epidemiol Control. 2020 May 3;10:e00151. doi: 10.1016/j.parepi.2020.e00151. eCollection 2020 Aug.
Free-living amoeba (FLA) such as , , and have been identified from both natural and human-made environments such as Hot springs and spa. causes Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), while and cause chronic granulomatous encephalitis. also can cause cutaneous lesions and Amoebic Keratitis (AK) that is associated with contact lens use or corneal trauma. FLA are known to serve as host of and vehicles for diverse intracellular organisms. This study aimed was to identify the presence of FLA in the hot springs and beaches of the Caspian Sea in Ramsar tourist town located in the northern part of Iran. Water samples were collected in sterile bottles and were transferred to the laboratory. One litre of each sample passed through the nitrocellulose membrane filter. Each filter insert was then placed in non-nutrient agar plates already seeded with lawn culture of . Positive samples were analyzed by morphological keys and Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using 18S rDNA gene and ITS region to identify amoeba isolates. A total of 81 water sampled were tasted. After identified using the morphological key and PCR assay, 54 (66.6%) of the samples were positive for FLA. Ten of the samples were identified as (belong to T3, T4, and T5 genotypes), three as , four as (3 and 1 ). Only one sample was positive . The presence of thermotolerant FLA in the Hot springs and beaches of the Caspian Sea as places for recreational purposes or wellness may be a potential health risk.
自由生活阿米巴（FLA），如嗜肺军团菌、棘阿米巴、福氏耐格里阿米巴和卡氏棘阿米巴，已在自然和人造环境中被发现，如温泉和水疗中心。福氏耐格里阿米巴可引起原发性阿米巴脑膜脑炎（PAM），而棘阿米巴和卡氏棘阿米巴可引起慢性肉芽肿性脑炎。嗜肺军团菌还可引起皮肤病变和与隐形眼镜使用或角膜外伤相关的阿米巴角膜炎（AK）。已知FLA可作为多种细胞内生物体的宿主和载体。本研究旨在确定位于伊朗北部拉姆萨尔旅游镇的里海温泉和海滩中FLA的存在情况。水样采集于无菌瓶中并转移至实验室。每个样本1升通过硝酸纤维素膜过滤器。然后将每个滤膜插入物置于已接种嗜肺军团菌草坪培养物的无营养琼脂平板中。阳性样本通过形态学特征和使用18S rDNA基因和ITS区域的聚合酶链反应（PCR）进行分析，以鉴定阿米巴分离株。共检测了81份水样。在使用形态学特征和PCR检测进行鉴定后，54份（66.6%）样本FLA呈阳性。其中10份样本被鉴定为嗜肺军团菌（属于T3、T4和T5基因型），3份为棘阿米巴，4份为卡氏棘阿米巴（3份为沃氏亚种和1份为澳洲亚种）。只有1份样本福氏耐格里阿米巴呈阳性。作为娱乐或健康场所的里海温泉和海滩中存在耐热FLA可能存在潜在健康风险。
