沙特阿拉伯护士的工作环境与情绪耗竭、工作满意度和离职意向之间的关系。
The relationships between nurses' work environments and emotional exhaustion, job satisfaction, and intent to leave among nurses in Saudi Arabia.
机构信息
School of Nursing, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Department of Nursing, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
出版信息
J Adv Nurs. 2020 Nov;76(11):3026-3038. doi: 10.1111/jan.14512. Epub 2020 Sep 14.
AIMS
To examine relationships between components of nurses' work environments and emotional exhaustion, job satisfaction and intent to leave among nurses in Saudi Arabia.
DESIGN
A descriptive correlational study with cross-sectional data.
METHODS
Data were collected in 2017 from 497 Registered Nurses working in a large tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Participants completed an online survey like that used in RN4Cast studies to measure nurses' perceptions of their work environments and nurse outcomes. Hierarchical linear regression and logistic regression were conducted to examine the relationships between components of nurses' work environments and nurse outcomes after controlling for nurse and patient characteristics.
RESULTS
Nurse participation in hospital affairs was uniquely associated with all three nurse outcomes, whereas staffing and resource adequacy was associated with emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction, but not intent to leave. These two variables were also the components of the nursing practice environment that received the lowest ratings. Nurse manager ability, leadership and support of nurses, and nurse-physician relationships were associated with job satisfaction only. A nursing foundation for quality of care was not uniquely associated with any of the three outcomes. Finally, nurse emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction fully mediated the relationship between nurse participation in hospital affairs and intent to leave.
CONCLUSION
Magnet-like work environments in Saudi Arabia are critical to recruiting and retaining nurses in a country with critical nursing shortages.
IMPACT
This study addresses a gap in the literature regarding which components of the nurses' work environment are uniquely associated with emotional exhaustion, job satisfaction and intent to leave among nurses in Saudi Arabia. Study results will assist Saudi hospital administrators and nurse leaders to develop recruitment and retention strategies by focusing on those work environment components most associated with nurse outcomes: participation in hospital affairs and staffing and resource adequacy.
目的
考察沙特阿拉伯护士工作环境各构成要素与情感耗竭、工作满意度和离职意向之间的关系。
设计
横断面描述性相关性研究。
方法
2017 年，从沙特阿拉伯利雅得一家大型三级医院的 497 名注册护士中收集数据。参与者完成了一项在线调查，类似于 RN4Cast 研究中使用的调查，以测量护士对工作环境和护士结果的看法。在控制护士和患者特征后，采用分层线性回归和逻辑回归来检验护士工作环境各构成要素与护士结果之间的关系。
结果
护士参与医院事务与所有三项护士结果均呈独特相关，而人员配备和资源充足与情感耗竭和工作满意度相关，但与离职意向无关。这两个变量也是护理实践环境中得分最低的构成要素。护士经理的能力、对护士的领导和支持以及护士与医生的关系仅与工作满意度相关。护理质量基础与这三个结果均无独特相关性。最后，护士的情感耗竭和工作满意度完全中介了护士参与医院事务与离职意向之间的关系。
结论
在一个护理人员严重短缺的国家，具有类似磁铁吸引力的工作环境对招聘和留住护士至关重要。
意义
本研究填补了有关沙特阿拉伯护士工作环境各构成要素与情感耗竭、工作满意度和离职意向之间关系的文献空白。研究结果将帮助沙特医院管理人员和护士领导者通过关注与护士结果最相关的工作环境构成要素（参与医院事务以及人员配备和资源充足）来制定招聘和留用策略。
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