State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment,School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin150090, China.
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment,School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin150090, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2020 Nov;97:85-95. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.04.038. Epub 2020 Jun 7.
Agriculture-oriented cities in Northeastern China have experienced frequent atmospheric pollution events. Deeper understandings of the pollution characteristics, haze causes and effects of management on local air quality are crucial for conducting integrated management approaches for the sustainable development of agriculture-oriented cities. Taking a typical agriculture-dominant city (i.e., Suihua) in Northeast China, we analyzed in detail the characteristics and causes of atmospheric pollution and evaluated the straw-burning prohibition using multisource data. The results showed a clear temporal pattern of air quality index (AQI) on an annual scale (i.e., 2015-April 2019), with two typical pollution periods occurring in late autumn and early spring. The large areas of concentrated straw burning at local and regional scales accounted for the first period (i.e., October and November), while dust emissions and farming disturbances comprised the second period. The interannual variation in pollution periods among these years was large, showing similar trends from 2015 to 2017 and the postponed late-autumn pollution period in 2018. Our evaluation has shown that the prohibition effect of straw burning significantly improved air quality in 2018, with a reduction of 59% ± 88% in the PM concentrations in October and November compared to 2015-2017. However, From October to April of the following year, the improvement effect was not significant due to postponement of straw burning to February or March. Our analysis also highlighted the roles of meteorological conditions, Therefore, combined with the promotion of straw utilization, scientifically prescribed burning considering the burning amount and location, meteorological conditions and regional transportation should be implemented.
中国东北地区以农业为主的城市经常发生大气污染事件。深入了解污染特征、雾霾成因以及管理措施对当地空气质量的影响，对于实施农业型城市可持续发展的综合管理措施至关重要。本文以中国东北地区的一个典型农业主导城市（即绥化市）为例，详细分析了大气污染的特征和成因，并利用多源数据评估了秸秆禁烧措施。结果表明，空气质量指数（AQI）在年度尺度上具有明显的时间格局（即 2015 年 4 月至 2019 年），有两个典型的污染期，分别发生在深秋和早春。当地和区域尺度上大面积集中焚烧秸秆是第一个污染期（即 10 月和 11 月）的主要原因，而扬尘排放和农事活动干扰则构成了第二个污染期。这些年份的污染期的年际变化较大，2015 年至 2017 年的趋势相似，2018 年秋季污染期推迟。我们的评估表明，秸秆禁烧的效果显著改善了 2018 年的空气质量，与 2015-2017 年相比，10 月和 11 月的 PM 浓度分别降低了 59%±88%。然而，从 10 月到次年 4 月，由于秸秆焚烧推迟到 2 月或 3 月，改善效果并不显著。我们的分析还强调了气象条件的作用，因此，应结合秸秆利用的推广，科学地制定考虑燃烧量和位置、气象条件和区域运输的燃烧计划。
