Yadang Fanta Sabine Adeline, Nguezeye Yvette, Kom Christelle Wayoue, Betote Patrick Herve Diboue, Mamat Amina, Tchokouaha Lauve Rachel Yamthe, Taiwé Germain Sotoing, Agbor Gabriel Agbor, Bum Elisabeth Ngo
Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, P.O. Box 13033, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundere, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundere, Cameroon.
Int J Alzheimers Dis. 2020 Aug 31;2020:6372059. doi: 10.1155/2020/6372059. eCollection 2020.
Alzheimer's disease is first characterised by memory loss related to the central cholinergic system alteration. Available drugs provide symptomatic treatment with known side effects. The present study is aimed to evaluate the properties of aqueous extract on a Scopolamine mouse model as an attempt to search for new compounds against Alzheimer's disease-related memory impairment. Memory impairment was induced by administration of 1 mg/kg (i.p.) of Scopolamine for 7 days, and mice were treated with aqueous extract. Behavioural studies were performed using T-maze and novel object recognition task for assessing learning and memory and open field test for locomotion. Brain acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) activity was measured to evaluate the central cholinergic system. The level of MDA, glutathione, and catalase activity were measured to evaluate the oxidative stress level. Administration of Scopolamine shows a decrease in learning and memory enhancement during behavioural studies. A significant decrease in the time spent in the preferred arm of T-maze, in the time spent in the exploration of the novel object, and in the discrimination index of the familiar object was also observed. The significant impairment of the central cholinergic system was characterised in mice by an increase of AChE activity to 2.55 ± 0.10 mol/min/g with an increase in oxidative stress. Treatment with the different doses of (62.8, 157, 314, and 628 mg/kg orally administrated) significantly increased the memory of mice in T-maze and novel object recognition tests and also ameliorated locomotion of mice in the open field. aqueous extract treatment also decreases the AChE activity and brain oxidative stress. It is concluded that administration of aqueous extract enhances memory of mice by reducing AChE activity and demonstrating antioxidant properties. This could be developed into a novel therapy against memory impairment related to Alzheimer's disease.
阿尔茨海默病最初的特征是与中枢胆碱能系统改变相关的记忆丧失。现有药物提供有已知副作用的对症治疗。本研究旨在评估水提取物对东莨菪碱小鼠模型的作用，试图寻找针对阿尔茨海默病相关记忆障碍的新化合物。通过腹腔注射1mg/kg东莨菪碱，连续给药7天诱导记忆障碍，然后用水提取物对小鼠进行治疗。行为学研究采用T迷宫和新物体识别任务来评估学习和记忆，采用旷场试验来评估运动能力。测量脑乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）活性以评估中枢胆碱能系统。测量丙二醛、谷胱甘肽水平和过氧化氢酶活性以评估氧化应激水平。在行为学研究中，给予东莨菪碱显示学习和记忆增强能力下降。还观察到在T迷宫偏好臂中花费的时间、探索新物体花费的时间以及熟悉物体的辨别指数均显著降低。小鼠中枢胆碱能系统的显著损伤表现为AChE活性增加至2.55±0.10μmol/min/g，同时氧化应激增加。用不同剂量（口服给药62.8、157、314和628mg/kg）的水提取物治疗显著提高了小鼠在T迷宫和新物体识别试验中的记忆力，并且改善了小鼠在旷场试验中的运动能力。水提取物治疗还降低了AChE活性和脑氧化应激。得出的结论是，给予水提取物通过降低AChE活性和表现出抗氧化特性来增强小鼠的记忆力。这有可能被开发成一种针对与阿尔茨海默病相关的记忆障碍的新疗法。
