Buffalo State College State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA.
Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA.
J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol. 2021 Aug;10(4):454-461. doi: 10.1089/jayao.2020.0116. Epub 2020 Sep 14.
Most evidence for the relationship between physical activity, nutrition education, and late effects from cancer treatment come from cross-sectional studies. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine if 8 weeks of exercise and nutrition education in adolescent and young adult (AYA) survivors positively affects fatigue, quality of life, health-related fitness, and dietary intake. The exercise program targeted improvement in multiple areas of health-related fitness. A Registered Dietitian conducted nutrition education sessions with goal setting. To encourage activity, social engagement, and support, participants connected to a study-specific group. Fatigue and QoL (FACIT, PedsQL Teen, and Young Adult), health-related fitness (cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, muscular strength and endurance, anthropometrics), nutrition knowledge, and dietary intake assessments were conducted at weeks 1 and 10. Participant perceptions of strengths and weaknesses within the program were assessed after program completion. Twenty four (16.6 ± 2.8 years) AYA cancer survivors began and completed the program. Problems with fatigue (PedsQL Teen and Young Adult) significantly improved along with decreased perceived barriers to exercise. Participants significantly improved cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, and muscular strength and endurance. Trying to make healthy nutrition choices, understanding how to read nutrition labels, and identifying a saturated fat significantly improved without a significant change in dietary intake. Participants' favorite program components related to exercise and social support. In view of the short- and long-term impacts of cancer diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship, as well as the benefits of physical activity on these factors, exercise programs with social support should be considered adjuvant therapy among AYA cancer survivors.
大多数关于体力活动、营养教育与癌症治疗后远期效应关系的证据均来自于横断面研究。本研究旨在通过 8 周的青少年及青年癌症幸存者的运动和营养教育，确定其是否对疲劳、生活质量、健康相关体能和饮食摄入有积极影响。该运动方案的目标是改善健康相关体能的多个领域。注册营养师通过设定目标进行营养教育课程。为了鼓励活动、社交参与和支持，参与者加入了特定于研究的小组。在第 1 周和第 10 周，进行疲劳和生活质量（FACIT、PedsQL 青少年和青年）、健康相关体能（心血管耐力、柔韧性、肌肉力量和耐力、人体测量学）、营养知识和饮食摄入评估。在完成项目后，评估参与者对项目的优势和劣势的看法。24 名（16.6±2.8 岁）青少年和青年癌症幸存者开始并完成了该项目。疲劳问题（青少年和青年 PedsQL）明显改善，同时锻炼障碍感知度降低。参与者的心血管耐力、柔韧性和肌肉力量和耐力显著提高。在不改变饮食摄入的情况下，尝试做出健康的营养选择、了解如何阅读营养标签和识别饱和脂肪的能力显著提高。参与者最喜欢的项目组成部分与运动和社会支持有关。鉴于癌症诊断、治疗和生存的短期和长期影响，以及体力活动对这些因素的益处，应考虑将有社会支持的运动方案作为青少年和青年癌症幸存者的辅助治疗。
