Forearm and finger hemodynamics, blood pressure control, and lipid changes in patients with diabetic hypertension treated with atenolol and prazosin.

Hypertension and diabetes mellitus frequently coexist and are independent risk factors for reduced peripheral perfusion. Antihypertensive medications that reduce blood pressure and improve peripheral perfusion would have advantages in diabetic patients with hypertension. In a randomized, two-placebo period, single-blind, two-way crossover study, we determined finger and forearm blood flow, lipid levels, and blood pressure control in 19 diabetic patients with hypertension, with each atenolol or prazosin and placebo period of 4 weeks' duration. Both drugs reduced blood pressure (sitting: 157/95 to 142/84 mm Hg, atenolol; 155/95 to 138/82 mm Hg, prazosin; standing: 154/94 to 144/84 mm Hg, atenolol; 154/94 to 133/81 mm Hg, prazosin). Lipid levels did not change except that low-density lipoprotein levels fell from 148 to 127 mg/dl with prazosin. Atenolol did not change forearm or finger blood flow or vascular resistance. Prazosin increased blood flow and reduced vascular resistance in both finger and forearm. In conclusion, prazosin has a potentially more appropriate hemodynamic profile than has atenolol in diabetic patients with hypertension.