在尼日利亚一个育龄期感染 HIV 的女性队列中，乙型肝炎的血清流行率及其决定因素。

Sero-prevalence and determinants of Hepatitis B among a cohort of HIV-infected women of reproductive age in Nigeria.

机构信息

International Research Center of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria.

Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate Program In Life Sciences, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2020 Sep 17;15(9):e0236456. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236456. eCollection 2020.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0236456

PMID:32941424

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7498243/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Sub-Saharan Africa houses over two-thirds of the 37 million people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) globally and of this, 5-20% are co-infected with Hepatitis B virus (HBV). This is double jeopardy, especially for women of reproductive age in these settings, who can transmit both viruses vertically as well as horizontally to their children. The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence and determinants of HBV among women of reproductive age living with HIV.

METHODS

This was a cross-sectional study of HIV-infected women of reproductive age in Benue State, Nigeria. Participants were eligible for the study if they were HIV-infected women (ages 18-45 years) receiving care from any of the selected study sites. A global rapid hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) antibody test strip was used to test for HBsAg in plasma. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic, clinical and lifestyle characteristics of participants. We estimated prevalence of HBV infection and used multivariable logistic regression to determine factors associated with the infection at a significance level of <0.05.

RESULTS

A total of 6577 women were screened for HBsAg. The prevalence of HBV was 10.3% (95% CI: 9.5-10.9%). Age, parity and male partner's HIV status were found to be associated with having HBV infection. Compared to women older than 40 years, the odds of HBV infection increased significantly with increasing age until age 35 years and decreased significantly with increasing parity (versus no parity). Women with HIV-infected partners and those without a partner had higher odds of HBV infection compared to women with HIV-negative partners.

CONCLUSION

HBV is hyperendemic among HIV-infected women of reproductive age in North Central Nigeria. Specific programs targeting HBV testing, vaccination and treatment of all women of reproductive age need to be developed in this resource-limited, high-need setting.

摘要

简介

撒哈拉以南非洲地区拥有全球 3700 万艾滋病毒（HIV）感染者中的三分之二以上，其中 5-20%合并感染乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）。这是双重威胁，尤其是在这些环境中处于生育年龄的妇女，她们可以垂直和水平地将这两种病毒传播给她们的孩子。本研究的目的是调查在感染 HIV 的生育年龄妇女中 HBV 的流行情况和决定因素。

方法

这是在尼日利亚贝努埃州对感染 HIV 的生育年龄妇女进行的一项横断面研究。如果参与者是符合以下条件的 HIV 感染妇女（年龄 18-45 岁），则有资格参加研究：正在接受任何选定研究地点提供的护理。使用全球快速乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）抗体检测条在血浆中检测 HBsAg。使用经过预测试的问卷收集参与者的社会人口统计学、临床和生活方式特征数据。我们估计了 HBV 感染的流行率，并使用多变量逻辑回归确定了与感染相关的因素，显著性水平为<0.05。

结果

共筛查了 6577 名妇女的 HBsAg。HBV 的流行率为 10.3%（95%CI：9.5-10.9%）。年龄、产次和男性伴侣的 HIV 状况与 HBV 感染有关。与年龄大于 40 岁的妇女相比，随着年龄的增长，HBV 感染的几率显著增加，直到 35 岁，随着产次的增加（而非零产次），感染的几率显著降低。与 HIV 阴性伴侣的妇女相比，HIV 感染伴侣的妇女和没有伴侣的妇女感染 HBV 的几率更高。