Rolinson G N
Research Division, Beecham Pharmaceuticals, Betchworth, Surrey, England.
J Reprod Med. 1988 Jun;33(6 Suppl):571-3.
Beta-lactamase, the bacterial enzyme that can inactivate penicillins, cephalosporins and related antibiotics, can function outside the cell or in the periplasmic space. This resistance can be transferred between bacteria of the same or different species. Most strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacteroides species are beta-lactamase producers. Clavulanic acid is a beta-lactamase inhibitor that works by blocking the enzyme center. When it is combined with amoxicillin and ticarcillin, it expands those drugs' spectrum of activity to bacteria that are resistant to the single antibiotics as well as to anaerobic bacteria.
β-内酰胺酶是一种可使青霉素、头孢菌素及相关抗生素失活的细菌酶，它可在细胞外或周质空间发挥作用。这种耐药性可在同种或不同种细菌之间转移。金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、克雷伯菌属、肠杆菌属、铜绿假单胞菌和拟杆菌属的大多数菌株都是β-内酰胺酶产生菌。克拉维酸是一种β-内酰胺酶抑制剂，其作用机制是阻断酶的活性中心。当它与阿莫西林和替卡西林联合使用时，可将这些药物的活性谱扩展至对单一抗生素耐药的细菌以及厌氧菌。
