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酒精供应、价格、首次饮酒年龄及其与坦桑尼亚莫希市危险饮酒的关系。

Alcohol Availability, Cost, Age of First Drink, and Its Association with At-Risk Alcohol Use in Moshi, Tanzania.

机构信息

From the, Duke Global Health Institute, (CAS, BTM, JRNV), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, (CAS, JRNV), Duke School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

出版信息

Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2020 Nov;44(11):2266-2274. doi: 10.1111/acer.14457. Epub 2020 Nov 10.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The Kilimanjaro region has one of the highest levels of reported alcohol intake per capita in Tanzania. Age at first drink has been found to be associated with alcohol problems in adulthood, but there is less information on the age of first drink in the Kilimanjaro region and its associations with alcohol-related consequences later in life. Furthermore, local alcohol cost and availability may influence the prevalence of alcohol use and alcohol use disorders.

METHODS

Data on the age of first drink, alcohol use disorder identification tool (AUDIT), number and type of alcohol consequences (DrInC), and perceived alcohol at low cost and high availability for children and adolescents were collected from an alcohol and health behavior survey of injury patients (N = 242) in Moshi, Tanzania. Generalized linear models were used to test age at first drink, perceived alcohol cost and availability, and their association with the AUDIT and DrInC scores, and current alcohol use, respectively.

RESULTS

Consuming alcohol before age 18 was significantly associated with higher AUDIT and DrInC scores, with odds ratios of 1.22 (CI: 1.004, 1.47) and 1.72 (CI: 1.11, 2.63), respectively. Female gender is strongly associated with less alcohol use and alcohol consequences, represented by an odds ratio of 3.70 (CI: 1.72, 8.33) for an AUDIT score above 8 and an odds ratio of 3.84 (CI: 2.13, 6.67) with the DrInC score. Perceived high availability of alcohol for children is significantly related to higher alcohol use quantity, with the odds ratio of 1.6 (CI: 1.17, 2.20).

CONCLUSIONS

The first use of alcohol before the age of 18 is associated with higher alcohol use and alcohol-related adverse consequences. In Tanzania, age at first drink is an important target for interventions aiming to prevent negative alcohol-related consequences later in life.

摘要

背景

坦桑尼亚的乞力马扎罗地区人均报告酒精摄入量位居全国前列。首次饮酒年龄与成年后出现酒精问题有关,但关于乞力马扎罗地区首次饮酒年龄及其与日后生活中与酒精相关后果的关系的信息较少。此外,当地的酒精价格和供应情况可能会影响酒精使用和酒精使用障碍的流行程度。

方法

在坦桑尼亚莫希对伤害患者进行的一项酒精和健康行为调查中,收集了首次饮酒年龄、酒精使用障碍识别工具 (AUDIT)、酒精相关后果的数量和类型 (DrInC)、儿童和青少年对酒精的感知价格和可及性的数据(n=242)。使用广义线性模型来检验首次饮酒年龄、感知酒精价格和可及性与 AUDIT 和 DrInC 评分的关系,以及当前饮酒情况。

结果

在 18 岁之前饮酒与 AUDIT 和 DrInC 评分较高显著相关,比值比分别为 1.22(95%CI:1.004,1.47)和 1.72(95%CI:1.11,2.63)。女性性别与较少的饮酒和酒精后果密切相关,表现为 AUDIT 评分高于 8 的比值比为 3.70(95%CI:1.72,8.33),DrInC 评分的比值比为 3.84(95%CI:2.13,6.67)。儿童感知到的酒精高度可及性与较高的酒精使用量显著相关,比值比为 1.6(95%CI:1.17,2.20)。

结论

18 岁之前首次饮酒与更高的酒精使用量和与酒精相关的不良后果有关。在坦桑尼亚,首次饮酒年龄是预防日后与酒精相关的负面后果的干预措施的重要目标。

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