Hoseini-Esfidarjani Sara-Sadat, Negarandeh Reza, Janani Leila
Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Department of Community Health & Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2020 Sep 17;34(4):257-264. doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2020-0082.
Weight control behavior is a strategy for weight loss or weight gains that range from healthy to unhealthy. This study is aimed to determine the prevalence of weight control behaviors and their related factors in adolescent girls in Tehran.
Adolescent girls in the last grade of high school (n=491) that were selected by a multi-stage sampling method completed a cross-sectional survey (2018) in Tehran city in Iran. Data were collected using questionnaires (standard and researcher-made) by the self-report method and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including Chi-square, independent t-test, and logistic regression.
17.5% of adolescents had healthy, 60.6% had unhealthy, 15.8% had extreme unhealthy weight control behaviors, and 6.1% had no weight control behaviors. 74.8% of adolescents were in the normal body mass index (BMI) percentile. Unhealthy weight control behaviors were observed more than healthy behaviors at all BMI levels. Weight control behaviors had significant relationships with weight control intention (p=0.005), family (p=0.016) and peers (p=0.011) encouragement to weight control, engagement of relatives in weight control behaviors (p=0.016), anxiety (p<0.001), and age (p=0.030). BMI has a positive correlation with body weight satisfaction (p<0.001) and body weight perception (p<0.001). The results of logistic regression showed that increasing anxiety score can increase the possibility of engaging in unhealthy weight control behaviors (odd ratio=1.086, p=0.006).
Considering that a significant percentage of adolescents have unhealthy and extreme unhealthy weight control behaviors, and some of these behaviors leave irreversible effects on the health of this age group, design, and implementation of educational programs to prevent such behaviors seem imperative.
体重控制行为是一种从健康到不健康的体重减轻或增加策略。本研究旨在确定德黑兰青少年女孩体重控制行为的患病率及其相关因素。
采用多阶段抽样方法选取的高中最后一年级的青少年女孩（n = 491）于2018年在伊朗德黑兰市完成了一项横断面调查。通过自填问卷法（标准问卷和研究者自制问卷）收集数据，并使用描述性和推断性统计方法进行分析，包括卡方检验、独立t检验和逻辑回归。
17.5%的青少年有健康的体重控制行为，60.6%有不健康的行为，15.8%有极端不健康的体重控制行为，6.1%没有体重控制行为。74.8%的青少年处于正常体重指数（BMI）百分位。在所有BMI水平上，不健康的体重控制行为比健康行为更为常见。体重控制行为与体重控制意愿（p = 0.005）、家庭（p = 0.016）和同伴（p = 0.011）对体重控制的鼓励、亲属参与体重控制行为（p = 0.016）、焦虑（p < 0.001）和年龄（p = 0.030）有显著关系。BMI与体重满意度（p < 0.001）和体重认知（p < 0.001）呈正相关。逻辑回归结果显示，焦虑得分增加会增加参与不健康体重控制行为的可能性（比值比=1.086，p = 0.006）。
鉴于相当比例的青少年有不健康和极端不健康的体重控制行为，且其中一些行为会对该年龄组的健康造成不可逆转的影响，设计和实施预防此类行为的教育项目似乎势在必行。
