Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Department of Occupational Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
Aust Occup Ther J. 2021 Feb;68(1):43-53. doi: 10.1111/1440-1630.12697. Epub 2020 Sep 18.
Play is an indication of children's development and how they function. In occupational therapy it is regarded as an important occupation of childhood. Assessment of a child's play should be included in the test batteries of occupational therapists, who understand the construct validity of the assessment they have chosen. Our aim was to provide evidence of reliability, internal consistency and hypotheses testing of the construct validity of the cross-culturally adapted version of the Child-Initiated Pretend Play Assessment.
Two hundred typically developing Brazilian children aged 3 years were evaluated individually using the Child-Initiated Pretend Play Assessment.
The internal consistency showed a Cronbach's alpha coefficient to Percentage of Pretend Play Actions (PEPA) of 0.86 and NOS of 0.81. There were significant differences between the younger children (aged 36-41 months) and the older children (aged 42-47 months) for elaborate play across both conventional-imaginative play (p = .002), symbolic play (p = .012), and the combined score (p = .005). There were significant differences between younger and older girls for elaborate play with symbolic play materials (p = .009) and elaborate play overall (p = .039). There were significant differences between young and older boys for elaborate play with conventional toys (p = .006) and elaborate play overall (p = .025). There were no significant differences for object substitution or imitated actions.
The measurement properties of the cross-culturally adapted version of the Child-Initiated Pretend Play Assessment for 3-year-old Brazilian children identified evidence for response processes, internal structure, with discussion of consequences of testing for 3-year-old Brazilian children.
游戏是儿童发展和功能的表现。在职业治疗中，它被视为儿童的重要职业。儿童游戏的评估应包含在职业治疗师的测试组合中，他们理解所选择评估的结构有效性。我们的目的是提供跨文化适应的儿童发起假装游戏评估版本的可靠性、内部一致性和结构有效性假设检验的证据。
200 名典型的巴西 3 岁儿童单独接受儿童发起假装游戏评估。
内部一致性显示，假装行为的百分比（PEPA）的 Cronbach's alpha 系数为 0.86，NOS 为 0.81。在传统想象游戏（p=0.002）、象征性游戏（p=0.012）和综合得分（p=0.005）方面，年龄较小的儿童（36-41 个月）和年龄较大的儿童（42-47 个月）之间存在显著差异。在象征性游戏材料的复杂游戏（p=0.009）和整体复杂游戏（p=0.039）方面，年轻女孩和年长女孩之间存在显著差异。在传统玩具的复杂游戏（p=0.006）和整体复杂游戏（p=0.025）方面，年轻男孩和年长男孩之间存在显著差异。对于物体替代或模仿动作，没有显著差异。
跨文化适应的儿童发起假装游戏评估版本对 3 岁巴西儿童的测量特性确定了对反应过程和内部结构的证据，同时讨论了对 3 岁巴西儿童进行测试的后果。
