基于病理学的生物标志物对黑色素瘤临床决策有用。
Pathology-based Biomarkers Useful for Clinical Decisions in Melanoma.
作者信息
Torres-Cabala Carlos, Li-Ning-Tapia Elsa, Hwu Wen-Jen
机构信息
Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
出版信息
Arch Med Res. 2020 Nov;51(8):827-838. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.09.008. Epub 2020 Sep 16.
The dramatic recent advances in therapy of melanoma require a more personalized and precise diagnostic approach to aid in clinical decisions. Tissue-based biomarkers in pathology have diagnostic, prognostic and predictive relevance. Herein we review the most commonly used pathology-based biomarkers in melanoma. Most of these biomarkers are evaluated through immunohistochemistry (IHC) or fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) performed on formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue (FFPE), and are widely available in clinical pathology laboratories. We describe the utility of MART1/Ki67, p16, PRAME, markers of lymphovascular invasion (D2-40, CD31, D2-40/MITF, CD31/SOX-10), BRAF V600E, NRAS, KIT, BAP1, ALK, NTRK, PD-L1, TERT, PTEN, iNOS, and MMR proteins (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2) in the evaluation of melanoma specimens. Correct interpretation and awareness of the significance of these biomarkers is crucial for pathologists, dermatologists, and oncologists who take care of melanoma patients.
黑色素瘤治疗领域最近取得的显著进展需要一种更个性化、精确的诊断方法来辅助临床决策。病理学中基于组织的生物标志物具有诊断、预后和预测价值。在此，我们回顾黑色素瘤中最常用的基于病理学的生物标志物。这些生物标志物大多通过对福尔马林固定石蜡包埋组织（FFPE）进行免疫组织化学（IHC）或荧光原位杂交（FISH）来评估，并且在临床病理实验室中广泛可用。我们描述了MART1/Ki67、p16、PRAME、淋巴管浸润标志物（D2-40、CD31、D2-40/MITF、CD31/SOX-10）、BRAF V600E、NRAS、KIT、BAP1、ALK、NTRK、PD-L1、TERT、PTEN、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）和错配修复蛋白（MLH1、MSH2、MSH6、PMS2）在黑色素瘤标本评估中的应用。正确解读并认识这些生物标志物的意义对于诊治黑色素瘤患者的病理学家、皮肤科医生和肿瘤学家至关重要。
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