Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 C997 Ireland; School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 N2E5 Ireland.
Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 C997 Ireland.
J Dairy Sci. 2020 Nov;103(11):10311-10320. doi: 10.3168/jds.2019-17544. Epub 2020 Sep 18.
The objective of this study was to investigate the economic performance of 2 genetic groups (GG) of Holstein-Friesian dairy cows of divergent Economic Breeding Index (EBI), evaluated within 3 contrasting spring-calving pasture-based feeding treatments (FT). The study was a simulated economic appraisal, using the Moorepark Dairy Systems Model, a stochastic budgetary simulation model integrating biological data obtained from a 4-yr experiment conducted from 2013 to 2016. The 2 divergent GG were (1) high EBI representative of the top 5% nationally (elite) and (2) EBI representative of the national average (NA). The 3 FT were reflective of slight restriction to generous feeding. The elite GG had the lowest replacement rate, and therefore had lower replacement costs and an older and more productive parity structure. The elite GG consistently had higher sales of milk (on average +3% or +18,370 kg of milk) and milk solids (milk fat plus protein yield; +8.7% or +4,520 kg) compared with the NA GG across the 3 FT scenarios. Milk income was consequently greater for elite versus NA (on average +9.5% or +€21,489) cows. Livestock sales were greater (on average +13.2% or +€4,715) for NA compared with elite cows. Baseline net farm profit and net profit/ha at a base milk price of 29.5 cents per liter (3.3% protein and 3.6% fat) were on average €31,156, and €772 greater for elite compared with NA cows across the 3 FT. Greater profitability achieved with elite cows in each of the FT investigated demonstrated the adaptability of high-EBI cows across different levels of feeding intensities in seasonal pasture-based feeding systems. Sensitivity analysis of varying milk price and concentrate cost did not result in a reranking of GG for farm profit. This study clearly demonstrates the power of a suitably constructed genetic-selection index together with a well-considered breeding program to deliver genetics capable of favorable change to farm physical performance and profit over a relatively short duration.
本研究旨在探讨在 3 种不同的春季放牧饲养处理（FT）条件下，具有不同经济选育指数（EBI）的 2 个荷斯坦弗里生奶牛遗传群体（GG）的经济性能。该研究采用模拟经济评估方法，使用 Moorepark 奶牛系统模型，这是一种随机预算模拟模型，整合了 2013 年至 2016 年进行的为期 4 年的实验中获得的生物学数据。这 2 个具有不同 EBI 的 GG 分别为：（1）高 EBI，代表全国前 5%（精英）；（2）EBI 代表全国平均水平（NA）。3 种 FT 反映了轻微的限制与慷慨的喂养。精英 GG 的替换率最低，因此替换成本更低，且胎次结构更老且更具生产力。在 3 种 FT 情景下，与 NA GG 相比，精英 GG 的牛奶销售量（平均+3%或+18370 公斤牛奶）和牛奶固体（牛奶脂肪加蛋白质产量；+8.7%或+4520 公斤）始终更高。与 NA 相比，精英 GG 的牛奶收入更高（平均+9.5%或+21489 欧元）。与精英 GG 相比，NA 的牲畜销售更高（平均+13.2%或+4715 欧元）。在牛奶价格为 29.5 美分/升（3.3%蛋白质和 3.6%脂肪）的基准下，农场净利润和净利润/公顷的基准分别为 31156 欧元和 772 欧元，精英 GG 比 NA GG 高出 3 种 FT。在每个 FT 中，精英奶牛的盈利能力更高，表明在季节性放牧饲养系统中，具有高 EBI 的奶牛能够适应不同的饲养强度水平。牛奶价格和浓缩饲料成本的敏感性分析并未导致农场利润的 GG 重新排名。本研究清楚地表明，适当构建的遗传选择指数以及精心考虑的育种计划的力量，可以在相对较短的时间内为农场的物理性能和利润带来有利变化的遗传能力。
