Wenzel Suzanne L, Rhoades Harmony, LaMotte-Kerr Wichada, Duan Lei
University of Southern California, Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work.
J Soc Distress Homeless. 2019;28(2):169-175. doi: 10.1080/10530789.2019.1630959. Epub 2019 Jun 15.
Experiences of discrimination are associated with poor health and are particularly common among persons experiencing homelessness. Permanent supportive housing (PSH) provides a foundation for improved well-being among persons with homelessness histories, but research on discrimination among this population is lacking. We examined changes in experiences of, and perceived reasons for, everyday discrimination when persons moved into PSH. 421 adults in Los Angeles County completed baseline (pre-housing), 3-, 6- or 12-month post-housing structured interviews. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) examined change in discrimination outcomes, controlling for demographic characteristics. Everyday discrimination experiences decreased significantly when persons moved from homelessness into PSH, and remained consistently lower across the first year in PSH. Reports of homelessness/poverty, race/ethnicity, and neighborhood as reasons for discrimination also decreased from baseline levels. PSH may offer respite from everyday discrimination, but the persistence of discrimination and particularly racism in society requires structural solutions addressing implicit bias and systemic inequities.
遭受歧视的经历与健康状况不佳有关,在无家可归者中尤为常见。永久性支持性住房(PSH)为有过无家可归经历的人改善福祉奠定了基础,但针对这一人群中歧视现象的研究却很匮乏。我们研究了人们搬进PSH后日常歧视经历及感知到的歧视原因的变化。洛杉矶县的421名成年人完成了入住前(住房前)、入住后3个月、6个月或12个月的结构化访谈。广义线性混合模型(GLMM)检验了歧视结果的变化,并对人口统计学特征进行了控制。当人们从无家可归状态搬进PSH时,日常歧视经历显著减少,并且在入住PSH的第一年里一直保持在较低水平。将无家可归/贫困、种族/族裔和社区作为歧视原因的报告也从基线水平下降。PSH可能使人们暂时免受日常歧视,但社会中歧视尤其是种族主义的持续存在需要解决隐性偏见和系统性不平等问题的结构性解决方案。