Yoo-Jeong Moka, Nguyen Annie L
Bouvé College of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
AIDS Care. 2024 May 1:1-8. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2024.2339046.
Social isolation exists when one has limited contact with others and is distinct from loneliness, an affective state on the perception of isolation. Less is known about the combined effects of social isolation and loneliness (SI/L) in older persons with HIV (OPWH). Using cross-sectional data on OPWH (age ≥50; = 146), we assessed the overlap between SI/L and the separate and combined effects of SI/L on patient-reported outcomes (quality-of-life [QoL], HIV-related stigma, and depressive symptoms). Social isolation and loneliness were assessed using Social Network Index and the PROMIS-Social Isolation Scale, respectively, and based on each score, participants were grouped into four categories: "lonely only", "isolated only", "lonely+isolated", or "neither". Among participants (mean age = 56.53), 26.7% were considered "lonely only", 12.3% were "isolated only", 15.1% were "lonely+isolated", and 45.9% were "neither". Adjusted regression models showed that lonely+isolated group had more depressive symptoms and lower QoL than those considered "neither" or "isolated only" ( < .001) and that. The adjusted proportional odds model showed that the odds of stigma were 1.22 and 6.06 higher than those considered "neither" ( < .001) or "lonely only" ( = .016). Results demonstrate the combined effects of SI/L on patient-reported outcomes among OPWH. Findings highlight the need for approaches targeting OPWH who are lonely and isolated.
当一个人与他人的接触有限时，就会出现社会孤立，它不同于孤独，孤独是一种对孤立的感知的情感状态。关于社会孤立和孤独（SI/L）对老年艾滋病毒感染者（OPWH）的综合影响，人们了解得较少。利用OPWH（年龄≥50岁；n = 146）的横断面数据，我们评估了SI/L之间的重叠以及SI/L对患者报告结局（生活质量[QoL]、与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱感和抑郁症状）的单独及综合影响。分别使用社交网络指数和PROMIS社会孤立量表评估社会孤立和孤独，并根据每个分数将参与者分为四类：“仅孤独”、“仅孤立”、“孤独+孤立”或“两者都不”。在参与者（平均年龄 = 56.53岁）中，26.7%被认为“仅孤独”，12.3%“仅孤立”，15.1%“孤独+孤立”，45.9%“两者都不”。调整后的回归模型显示，“孤独+孤立”组比“两者都不”或“仅孤立”组有更多的抑郁症状和更低的生活质量（P <.001），并且。调整后的比例优势模型显示，耻辱感的几率分别比“两者都不”（P <.001）或“仅孤独”（P =.016）组高1.22倍和6.06倍。结果证明了SI/L对OPWH患者报告结局的综合影响。研究结果强调了针对孤独和孤立的OPWH采取措施的必要性。
