Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Thorac Cancer. 2020 Nov;11(11):3289-3298. doi: 10.1111/1759-7714.13670. Epub 2020 Sep 21.
The biological behavior of cells change after they develop drug resistance, and the degree of resistance will be affected by the tumor microenvironment. Here, we aimed to explore the changes in the biological behavior of tumors and to observe the differences in the release of cytokines and chemokines which can influence the tumor microenvironment. We also aimed to study how TKIs-resistant cell lines recruit macrophages to reduce the sensitivity of the cells following gefitinib administration.
We generated and maintained gefitinib-resistant cell lines to study the differences between gefitinib-sensitive cell lines according to clone formation, cell growth curve analysis, whole-exome sequencing, and qPCR ARRAY technology. We used the WNT/β-catenin inhibitor, WNT/β-catenin activator and overexpression β-catenin lentivirus to observe the changes in CCL2. M2 macrophages and gefitinib-resistant cell lines HCC827/GR were cocultured to detect the viability gefitinib for inducing cell death.
The proliferation and migratory activities were much more pronounced in HCC827/GR cells. CCL2 expression was also enhanced and regulated by β-catenin in HCC827/GR. CCL2 promoted the chemotactic ability of M2 macrophages. M2 macrophages reduced the antitumor effect of gefitinib treatment by activating AKT/mTOR.
Gefitinib-resistant cell lines have stronger proliferation and migration capabilities, and attract macrophages by releasing more CCL2 to reduce the sensitivity of cells to gefitinib.
细胞产生耐药性后其生物学行为会发生改变,耐药程度会受到肿瘤微环境的影响。本研究旨在探讨肿瘤生物学行为的变化,并观察影响肿瘤微环境的细胞因子和趋化因子释放的差异。还研究了 TKI 耐药细胞系如何招募巨噬细胞,以减少吉非替尼给药后细胞的敏感性。
我们生成并维持了吉非替尼耐药细胞系,根据克隆形成、细胞生长曲线分析、全外显子测序和 qPCR ARRAY 技术,研究了吉非替尼敏感细胞系之间的差异。我们使用 WNT/β-catenin 抑制剂、WNT/β-catenin 激活剂和过表达β-catenin 慢病毒观察 CCL2、M2 巨噬细胞和吉非替尼耐药细胞系 HCC827/GR 的变化。共培养检测诱导细胞死亡的吉非替尼对 HCC827/GR 细胞的活力。
HCC827/GR 细胞的增殖和迁移活性明显增强。CCL2 的表达也增强,并受 HCC827/GR 中的β-catenin 调节。CCL2 促进了 M2 巨噬细胞的趋化能力。M2 巨噬细胞通过激活 AKT/mTOR 降低了吉非替尼治疗的抗肿瘤作用。
吉非替尼耐药细胞系具有更强的增殖和迁移能力,通过释放更多的 CCL2 吸引巨噬细胞,从而降低细胞对吉非替尼的敏感性。